The current investigation aimed to generate data to inform the development of risk assessments of biocide usage. Stabilized domestic drain biofilm microcosms were exposed daily over 6 months to increasing concentrations (0.01% to 1%) of the biocide benzalkonium chloride (BAC) in a simple aqueous solution (BAC-s) or in a complex formulation (BAC-f) representative of a domestic cleaning agent. Bi...

Artisanal cheeses are prepared using traditional methods with territorial, regional and cultural linkages. In Brazil, there is a great diversity of artisanal (BAC), which have historical, socioeconomic importance. The the BAC between producing regions due to different compositions raw milk, steps involved in process maturation time. crucial step for cheese differentiation non-addition starter c...

Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors enable stable cloning of large DNA fragments from single genomes or microbial assemblages. A novel shuttle BAC vector was constructed that permits replication of BAC clones in diverse Gram-negative species. The "Gram-negative shuttle BAC" vector (pGNS-BAC) uses the F replicon for stable single-copy replication in E. coli and the broad-host-range RK2...

We produced in Bacillus subtilis the complete, as well as the N-terminal two-thirds, OmpA protein of Escherichia coli (called here Bac-OmpA and Bac-OmpA-dN, respectively). These Bac-OmpA proteins were used to examine the immunological properties of different parts of OmpA, free of lipopolysaccharide and other components of the outer membrane. The full-length Bac-OmpA was indistinguishable from ...

BACKGROUND The presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in gefitinib-naive lung cancer patients has been reported to be higher in females, in non-smokers, in Japanese, and in adenocarcinoma patients, especially in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). To further investigate the prevalence of EGFR mutations in relation to pathological factors, we evaluated EGFR mutations in se...

PURPOSE To compare clinical and angiographic outcomes between balloon-assisted (BAC) and stent-assisted coiling for internal carotid artery unruptured aneurysms (ICA-UA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 227 ICA-UA in 190 patients were treated with BAC (120 patients, 141 ICA-UA) or SAC (70 patients, 86 ICA-UA. We compared characteristics of patients and ICA-UA, and clinical and angiographic o...

Children in foster care experience higher levels and rates of psychosocial difficulties than children from the general population. Governments and child welfare services have a responsibility to identify those children in care who have need for therapeutic services. This can be achieved through systematic screening and monitoring of psychosocial difficulties among all children in foster care. H...

Even though the final objective of an access control model is to provide a framework to decide if actions performed by subjects on objects are permitted or not, it is not convenient to directly specify an access control policy using concepts of subjects, objects and actions. This is why the Role Based Access Control (RBAC) model suggests using the concept of role as a more abstract concept than...

PURPOSE To perform a surface chemistry study of the interactions between benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a common preservative used in ophthalmic formulations, and tear film (TF) constituents. METHODS The interactions between BAC and human tears, meibum, and rabbit corneal cell lipid extracts at the air-water interface were examined in vitro during controlled compression-expansion of the film ar...