Published data on the distribution of Fe and Mg between the two distinct octahedral sites (M1 and M2) in orthopyroxenes show that the equilibrium Fe-Mg distribution coefficient (KD) is roughly constant at intermediate ferrosilite content (XFs of 0.2 to 0.6) but at low XFs ( 0.2) is either anomalously high (Mössbauer data) or low (XRD data) compared to KD at intermediate XFs. We report an experi...

Because of the deposit and accumulation from the debris flow, the heterogeneous geological characteristics is obvious for a candidate very low level waste (VLLW) disposal site, with the grain size ranging from tens of microns to 75 cm. Therefore, it is challenging to directly measure the sorption capacity of the media and the distribution coefficient of some radionuclides, such as strontium. We...

Monitoring the dynamic characteristics of the diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(490)) on the basis of the high temporal-resolution satellite data is critical for regulating the ecological environment of lake. By measuring the in-situ Kd(490) and the remote-sensing reflectance, a semi-analytical algorithm for Kd(490) was developed to determine the short-term variation of Kd(490). From 2006 to ...

Pesticides applied on crops are leached with rainfall to groundwater and surface water. They threat the aquatic environment and may render water unfit for human consumption. Pesticide partitioning is one of the pesticide fate processes in the environment that should be properly formalised in pesticide fate models. Based on the analysis of 7 pesticide molecules (alachlor, atrazine, atrazine's tr...

This study builds a model to predict distribution coefficients (Kd) using the random forest (RF) method and machine learning based on Japan Atomic Energy Agency Sorption Database (JAEA-SDB). A database of ten input variables, including coefficient, pH, initial radionuclide concentrations, solid–liquid ratio, ionic strength, oxidation number, cation exchange capacity, surface area, electronegati...

The soil solid-liquid distribution coefficient (Kd) value is of great significance in understanding and modelling the environmental behaviour of soil contaminants. For many years, the batch sorption technique has been used for the determination of such values. Here, we propose an alternative 'mini-column' approach in which somewhat more realistic soil conditions are maintained. In particular, t...

The distribution coefficient (KD) for the human drug carbamazepine was measured using a non-equilibrium technique. Repacked soil columns were prepared using an Airport silt loam (Typic Natrustalf) with an average organic matter content of 2.45%. Carbamazepine solutions were then leached through the columns at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mL min(-1) representing average linear velocities of 1.8, 3.5 and 5.3...

The potential of naphthol blue–black-modified Amberlite IRA-400 anion-exchange resin for separation of heavy metal pollutants has been explored. The distribution coefficients (Kd) of metal ions in several acidic solvent systems have been studied. The effect of the dissociation constant of the solvent on the distribution coefficient of metal ions has also been investigated. On the basis of Kd va...