This paper maps out contemporary discourses of Chinese diplomacy that have proliferated under the aegis ‘major country with characteristics’. We examine how these narratives are underpinned by webs relationality see China promoting equal and win–win partnerships other state actors, yet also defined hierarchical premises for such diplomatic engagements. These relational contradictions most clear...

The article describes the United States - China rivalry and Chinas Belt Road Initiative (BRI) through a fine-grained review of primary materials such as major US policy documents speeches by media interviews with key American foreign decisionmakers, well selective use secondary think tank studies articles in scholarly publications. It shows that BRI has fueled bilateral since its birth 2013 riv...

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) have raised concerns among critics about their potential negative impact on global environmental governance. These China-led initiatives may lower social safeguard standards of infrastructure investments abroad to outcompete other international financial institutions (IFIs) like Development (ADB) World Bank. This...

During the Covid-19 pandemic, China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects in Middle East first struggled but soon stabilized. This article studies why how by examining cases of Iraq Syria to observe ways China handled its international business operations time Covid. Prior that, despite criticism doubts, BRI had continued thrive. In North Africa, been forming partnerships under with many co...

One of the crucial but overlooked aspects China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is food agricultural cooperation. In this paper, we argue that under BRI, China building a ‘Food Silk Road’ with which country attempts to reconstruct global supply chains through overseas investment, technology transfer, massive investment in infrastructure, accelerated policy coordination. We also discuss driving...

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) presents the world with a new era of inclusive globalization, which will shape urbanization patterns globally. This study considered launch BRI as quasi-experiment, where we evaluated BRI’s impact on by way difference-in-differences (DID) propensity score matching (PSM) methods. The results showed that exerted significantly negative effect in its first thr...

The article seeks to unpack the increasingly polarised discussion on Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) provide a holistic understanding of it by identifying diverging interpretations in form frames analysing competing framing practices actors figuring prominently debate. To that end, this study leverages conceptual insights from cultural content-analyses purpose-built corpus political media commun...