This study attempts to analyze Japan’s alternative projects for the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although Japan stated that it could join BRI provide some funding, has not become a member, yet. paper begins with examining how is presented by China perceived Japan. Then elaborates on why holds different opinion needs develop its own alternatives BRI. are examined in three parts. The first one...

Until recently, China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has overlooked many of the social environmental dimensions its projects actions in favor more immediate economic sociopolitical considerations. The main focus investments under BRI largely been to improve transport, telecommunication, energy infrastructures. However, Central Asia, biodiversity is not only foundational for livelihoods socioe...

The Chinese economy is changing its development model from invest/export-led growth to consumption/growth driven by domestic demand. In the recent domestic-oriented phases of China's opening-up policy, what role expected play? Not only this a way acquire foreign exchange and technology, but it also an economic powerhouse for China that strengthens position in global governance. General ...

This research investigates the pivotal role of intercultural communication in successful implementation Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Introduced 2013, BRI aims to foster connectivity between Asia, Africa, Europe through land maritime networks, with objective promoting regional integration, augmenting trade, stimulating economic growth. Given its comprehensive nature encompassing infrastructur...

The One Belt, Road Initiative (OBOR/BRI) is a global programme to finance transport (rail and highway) energy infrastructure, mainly in Central Asian countries, the form of cash loans provided on unfavourable (market) terms compared financing from donors Western Europe (including EU) or development banks. present study an attempt summarize achievements problems implementation this initiative. a...

Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a strategy initiated by Chinese government that seeks to connect Asia with Africa Europe via land maritime networks the aim of increasing commercial exchange, stimulating economic growth improving regional integration. BRI comprises Silk Economic 21st century Maritime Road. initiative defines five major priorities, namely policy coordination, infra...

We report the results of a systematic search for redshifted rotational lines of CO and dust emission towards a sample of 9 high redshift radio quiet quasars using the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer. Dust emission at ∼ 1.35 mm has been found in 5 out of the 9 objects. These results confirm the corresponding previous detections with the MPIfR bolometer at the 30-m. No 3 mm continuum was dete...

IMPORTANCE Severe renal injuries after blunt trauma cause diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the treating clinicians. The need for an operative vs a nonoperative approach is debated. OBJECTIVE To determine the rate, causes, predictors, and consequences of failure of nonoperative management (NOM) in grade IV and grade V blunt renal injuries (BRIs). DESIGN Retrospective case series. ...