Image deconvolution has been widely used in optical microscopy to improve image resolution and enhance contrast, mainly for 3D optically sectioned images. 2D images can be deconvolved in a similar way, and in many circumstances, such processing is either necessary or sufficient. Confocal microscope image slices can be processed as 2D images, especially if the pinhole is opened slightly to incre...

To be clinically useful, reconstruction in SPECT should be accomplished rapidly and also result in good image quality. Penalized likelihood methods are desirable in that they can easily incorporate system and noise models as well as prior information into an objective function. The reconstruction, computed by maximizing the objective, requires an iterative method, and this can be slow. One clas...

In this article we develop a finite difference (FDFD) method to compute the band spectra of 2D photonic crystals without impurities. Exploiting periodicity to identify discretization points differing by a period, the computational complexity of the algorithms is reduced significantly. Numerical results on three test problems are presented.

Total Variation-based regularization, well established for image processing applications such as denoising, was recently introduced for Maximum Penalized Likelihood Estimation (MPLE) as an effective way to estimate nonsmooth probability densities. While the estimates show promise for a variety of applications, the nonlinearity of the regularization leads to computational challenges, especially ...

In order to overcome the deficiency of computational complexity and low accuracy of traditional face recognition algorithm under complex surroundings, this paper proposes a novel face recognition method based on 2D-FrFT. Firstly, we construct Gaussian skin color model to segment potential face region; then adaptive template matching and secondary matching algorithm are adopted to eliminate the ...

Computation of digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) images is the rate-limiting step in most current intensity-based algorithms for the registration of three-dimensional (3D) images to two-dimensional (2D) projection images. This paper introduces and evaluates the progressive attenuation field (PAF), which is a new method to speed up DRR computation. A PAF is closely related to an attenuati...

In 3D single particle reconstruction, which involves the translational and rotational matching of a large number of electron microscopy (EM) images, the algorithmic performance is largely dependent on the efficiency and accuracy of the underlying 2D image alignment kernel. We present a novel fast rotational matching kernel for 2D images (FRM2D) that significantly reduces the cost of this alignm...

We present numerical studies of the electromagnetic wave propagation in a metamaterial built from dielectric rods. The rods were arranged in a quasicrystalline lattice based on 10-fold Penrose tiling. We find wide isotropic band gaps and localized states, as expected in a quasicrystalline lattice. Our most important finding is the presence of the band gap edge states that are characterized by a...

A fast two-dimensional (2D) hybrid fluid-analytical transform coupled plasma reactor model was developed using the finite elements simulation tool COMSOL. Both inductive and capacitive coupling of the source coils to the plasma are included in the model, as well as a capacitive bias option for the wafer electrode. A bulk fluid plasma model, which solves the time-dependent plasma fluid equations...

Safe fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have huge potential market size on demand according to their shortened charging time for high-power devices. Zero-strain spinel Li4Ti5O12 is one of ideal candidates for safe high-power batteries owing to its good cycling performance, low cost and safety. However, the inherent insulating characteristic of LTO seriously limits its high-rate capabili...