To elucidate the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total-tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) with the tau PET ligand 18F-AV-1451 in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we examined 30 cognitively healthy elderly (15 with preclinical AD), 14 prodromal AD, and 39 AD dementia patients. CSF T-tau and P-tau were highly correlated (R = 0.92, P < 0.001), but they were only moderately associat...

The ratios ${R}_{\ensuremath{\tau}/P}\ensuremath{\equiv}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}(\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}P{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}[\ensuremath{\gamma}])/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}(P\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\mu}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}[\ensuremath{\gamma}])$ ($P=\ensuremath{\pi}$, $K$) provide sensitive tests of lepton universality $|{...

BACKGROUND Antibodies against tau protein indicate an interaction between the immune system and the neurocytoskeleton and therefore may reflect axonal injury in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The levels and avidities of anti-tau IgG antibodies were measured using ELISA in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples obtained from 49 MS patients and 47 controls. ...

Accumulation of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau) in the form of tangles of paired helical filaments and/or straight filaments is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. P-tau is also found unpolymerized in AD. Although the cognitive decline is known to correlate with the degree of neurofibrillary pathology, whether the formation of filaments or the prec...

The objective of the study was to illustrate the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using [C]PIB and [F]FDDNP together with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures of amyloid-beta1 to 42 (Abeta42), total tau (t-tau) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau) in the in vivo diagnosis of specific dementia syndromes. Two siblings fulfilling diagnostic criteria for familial Alzhe...

BACKGROUND Phospho-tau deposition has been described in a rare genetic human prion disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, but is not common neuropathological picture for other human and animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). This study investigated the possible changes of tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau, at Ser396, Ser404, and Ser202/Thr205) in scrapie experimenta...

In normal adult brain the microtubule associated protein (MAP) tau contains 2-3 phosphates per mol of the protein and at this level of phosphorylation it is a soluble cytosolic protein. The normal brain tau interacts with tubulin and promotes its assembly into microtubules and stabilizes these fibrils. In Alzheimer disease (AD) brain tau is three to fourfold hyperphosphorylated. The abnormally ...

OBJECTIVES To validate the ability of candidate CSF biomarkers to distinguish between the 2 main forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), FTLD with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions (FTLD-TDP) and FTLD with Tau inclusions (FTLD-Tau). METHODS Antemortem CSF samples were collected from 30 patients with FTLD in a single-center validation cohort, and CSF levels of 5 putativ...

OBJECTIVE Most neurodegenerative diseases contain hyperphosphorylated Tau [p-Tau]. We examined for the first time epitopes at which Tau is hyperphosphorylated in Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease, and also select Tau kinases. METHODS Postmortem frontal cortex from Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease and striata from Parkinso...