The Rate Constrained Block Matching Algorithm, (RC-BMA), introduced in this paper jointly minimizes DFD (Displaced Frame Diierence) variance and entropy or conditional entropy of motion vectors for determining the motion vectors in low rate video coding applications where the contribution of the motion vector rate to the overall coding rate might be signiicant. The motion vector rate vs. DFD va...

Ensembles used for probabilistic weather forecasting often exhibit a spread-skill relationship, but they tend to be underdispersive. This paper proposes a principled statistical method for postprocessing ensembles based on Bayesian model averaging (BMA), which is a standard method for combining predictive distributions from different sources. The BMA predictive probability density function (PDF...

Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is a statistical postprocessing technique that generates calibrated and sharp predictive probability density functions (PDFs) from forecast ensembles. It represents the predictive PDF as a weighted average of PDFs centered on the bias-corrected ensemble members, where the weights reflect the relative skill of the individual members over a training period. This wor...

The Rate Constrained Block Matching Algorithm, (RC-BMA), introduced in this paper, jointly minimizes Displaced Frame Di erence (DFD) variance and entropy or conditional entropy of motion vectors for determining the motion vectors. It is intended for use in low rate video coding applications where the contribution of the motion vector rate to the overall coding rate might be signi cant. The DFD ...

The authors introduce two ways to produce locally calibrated grid-based probabilistic forecasts of temperature. Both start from the Global Bayesian model averaging (Global BMA) statistical postprocessing method, which has constant predictive bias and variance across the domain, and modify it to make it local. The first local method, geostatistical model averaging (GMA), computes the predictive ...

BACKGROUND Benzoylmesaconine (BMA) is the main Aconitum alkaloid in Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi, aconite roots) with potent pharmacological activities, such as analgesia and anti-inflammation. The present study developed a simple and reliable method using BMA as a marker compound for the quality control of processed aconite roots and their products. METHODS After extraction, a hig...

Acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are required for body movement in parasitic nematodes and are targets of "classical" anthelmintic drugs such as levamisole and pyrantel and of newer drugs such as tribendimidine and derquantel. While neurotransmission explains the effects of these drugs on nematode movement, their effects on parasite reproduction are unexplained. The levamisole AChR type (L-AChRs...

1 Beecher HK. Ethics and clinical research. N EnglJ Med 1966;274:1354-60.2 Anonymous. Experimental medicine [Editorial]. BMJ 1962;ii: 1108. 3 BearD AG, Billing BH, Sherlock S. Hepatic glucose output and hepatic insulin sensitivity in diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1951;ii:698. 4 Beecher HK. Experimentation on man. Springfield, Illinois: Thomas, 1959. 5 Southam CM. Hormotransplantation of human cell ...

One of the hallmarks of HIV-1 disease is the association of heightened CD4+ T-cell activation with HIV-1 replication. Parasitic helminths including filarial nematodes have evolved numerous and complex mechanisms to skew, dampen and evade human immune responses suggesting that HIV-1 infection may be modulated in co-infected individuals. Here we studied the effects of two filarial nematode produc...

Standard statistical practice ignores model uncertainty. Data analysts typically select a model from some class of models and then proceed as if the selected model had generated the data. This approach ignores the uncertainty in model selection, leading to over-confident inferences and decisions that are more risky than one thinks they are. Bayesian model averaging (BMA) provides a coherent mec...