Quantitative analysis of changes in Lhasa River runoff components was significant to local water resources management. This study constructed the spatial processes hydrology (SPHY) model Basin and optimized model’s parameters using hydrograph partitioning curves (HPC) method. The Basin’s precipitation temperature were forecasted for 2020 2100 statistical downscaling (SDSM) two scenarios from fi...

The analysis and visualization of weighted networks pose many challenges, which have led to the development of techniques for extracting the network’s backbone, a subgraph composed of only the most significant edges. Weighted edges are particularly common in bipartite projections (e.g. networks of coauthorship, co-attendance, co-sponsorship), which are often used as proxies for one-mode network...

MODIS has 20 reflective solar bands (RSB), covering the VIS, NIR, and SWIR spectral regions. They are calibrated onorbit using a solar diffuser (SD) panel, made of space-grade Spectralon. The SD bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF) was characterized pre-launch by the instrument vendor with reference to the NIST reflectance standard. Its on-orbit degradation is tracked by an on-board solar di...

Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) satellite (http://npp.gsfc.nasa.gov/viirs.html) began to daily collect global data following its successful launch on October 28, 2011. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a key NPP sensor. Similar to the design of the OLS, SeaWiFS and MODIS instruments, VIIRS has on-board calibration components including a solar diffuser (SD)...

This study aimed to forecast temperature variations in the western and southwestern part of Iran using a general circulation model artificial neural networks (ANN). The data included mean diurnal temperatures from synoptic stations, National Centers for Environmental Prediction/ Center Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data, outputs third-generation global climate model, Hadley Centre...