Osteoclastogenesis is an essential process during bone metabolism which can also be promoted by inflammatory signals. Thrombomodulin (TM), a transmembrane glycoprotein, exerts anti-inflammatory activities such as neutralization of proinflammatory high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) through TM lectin-like domain. This study aimed to identify the role of myeloid TM (i.e., endogenous TM expression o...

Thrombomodulin (TM) is highly expressed in endothelial cells and acts as a natural anticoagulation factor to maintain circulation homeostasis. TM is an interesting molecule with many physiological functions, including anti-inflammation, anti-thrombosis, and carcinogenesis inhibition. TM can also be detected on the spinous layer of epidermal keratinocytes. However, the role of epidermal TM is st...

We examined whether recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rhs-TM) reduces compression trauma-induced spinal cord injury through protein C activation in rats. Administration of rhs-TM, either before or after the induction of spinal cord injury (SCI), markedly reduced the resulting motor disturbances. However, neither rhs-TM pretreated with an anti-rhs-TM monoclonal antibody (MAb) F2H5, which...

Aligned amino acid sequences of three functionally independent samples of transmembrane (TM) transport proteins have been analyzed. The concept of TM-kernel is proposed as the most probable transmembrane region of a sequence. The average amino acid composition of TM-kernels differs from the published amino acid composition of transmembrane segments. TM-kernels contain more alanines, glycines, a...

Tetrathiomolybdate (TM), a potent copper-chelating drug, was initially developed for the treatment of Wilson's disease. Our working hypothesis is that the fibrotic pathway is copper-dependent. Because biliary excretion is the major pathway for copper elimination, a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model was used to test the potential protective effects of TM. TM was given in a daily dose of 0.9 m...

Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase (RCA) in the thylakoid membrane (TM) has been shown to play a role in protection and regulation of photosynthesis under moderate heat stress. However, the physiological significance of RCA bound to the TM (TM-RCA) without heat stress remains unknown. In this study, it is first shown, using experiments in vivo, that the TM-RCA v...

‚√§μ‘¥‡TM◊ÈÕπ‘a“À剫√— ®—¥‡aìπ‚√§Õÿ∫—μ‘ „À¡à∑’Ëæ∫„π‡¢μ‡Õ‡TM’¬μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß„μâ ‡TM◊È Õ‰«√— π’È¡—°æ∫Õ¬Ÿà „π§â“ߧ“«„π °ÿ≈ Pteropus ‚¥¬¡’°“√·æ√à Ÿà§π·≈– ÿ°√‡aìπ §√—Èߧ√“« ·≈–∫“ߧ√—Èß·æ√à‰a¬—ß —μ«å‡≈’È¬ß TMπ‘ ¥Õ◊Ë π‰¥â ¥â «¬ ‡TM◊È Õ‰«√— π’È ¡’ °“√√“¬ß“π‡aì π §√—È ß·√°‡¡◊Ë Õ‡°‘ ¥°“√√–∫“¥Õ¬à “ß·æ√à À≈“¬„π ¡“‡≈‡ ́’ ¬„πaï æ.». 2541-2542 Õ¬à “ß‰√°Á μ“¡ ‡TM◊ËÕ«à“‡TM◊ÈÕ‰«√— π’È¡’°“√·æ√à°√–®“¬Õ¬Ÿà„π ÿ °√‡≈’È...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to exam the effects of exercise modes on the systolic blood pressure and rate-pressure product during a gradually increasing exercise load from low to high intensity. METHODS Fifteen apparently healthy men aged 19 to 23 performed the graded exercise tests on cycle ergometer (CE) and treadmill (TM). During the low-to-maximal exercises, oxygen uptake (VO2), he...

PURPOSE To determine whether exon-trapped X chromosome clone 1 (ETX1) is overexpressed in the trabecular meshwork (TM) of glaucomatous human eyes compared to controls. METHODS Immunohistochemical, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis were used with human tissues and TM protein extracts. Reverse transcription-PCR was performed on isolated mRNA-derived cDNA preparations....

The authors administered a written survey consisting of colour images of 28 tympanic membranes (TM) to four groups of examiners: 86 medical students, 68 paediatric residents, 62 paediatricians and seven expert otoscopists. For each image, examiners were asked to indicate whether redness or bulging of the TM was present and to assign a diagnosis. The odds of diagnosing acute otitis media (AOM) w...