Eph receptors orchestrate cell positioning during normal and oncogenic development. Their function is spatially and temporally controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear and the identity of most regulatory PTPs are unknown. We demonstrate here that PTP1B governs signaling and biological activity of EphA3. Changes in PTP1B expression significant...

The canonical protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B is an important regulator of diverse cellular signaling networks. PTP1B has long been thought to exert its influence solely from its perch on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); however, an additional subpopulation of PTP1B has recently been detected in mitochondria extracted from rat brain tissue. Here, we show that PTP1B's mitochondrial localizatio...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays a key role as a negative regulator in insulin signal transduction by deactivating the insulin receptor. Thus, PTP1B inhibition has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for curing insulin resistance. In this study, 40 extracts from 18 different plant species were investigated for PTP1B inhibitory activity in vitro. The most promising one, the ...

OBJECTIVE Hyperinsulinemia is a significant risk factor for the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been recognized as a modulator of insulin signaling in nonvascular cells, and we have recently reported that NO increases the activity of PTP1B in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that NO attenuates insulin-...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays a major role in the negative regulation of insulin signaling, and is thus considered as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes. Bioassay-guided investigation of the methylethylketone extract of marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. JF-55 cultures afforded a new PTP1B inhibitory styrylpyrone-type metabolite named penstyrylpyro...

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) synergizes with prostate cancer (PCa) immunotherapy through androgen receptor(AR) mediated immunoregulation. We show that surgical castration of male mice induces dramatic alterations in CD4+ T cell transcriptome. Pathway analysis identified T Cell Differentiation as the most altered pathway. Consistently, a significant increase in expression of T-bet and IFN-...

Atherosclerosis is a pro-inflammatory condition underlying many cardiovascular diseases. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are actively involved in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The involvement of monocyte-derived macrophages is well characterized in the installation of inflammatory conditions in the plaque, but less is known about the contributio...

OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a negative modulator of insulin and cytokine signaling, is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and obesity. We investigated the impact of PTP1B deficiency during NAFLD, particularly in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS NA...

Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are important for the control of proper cellular tyrosine phosphorylation. Despite the large number of PTPs encoded in the human genome and the emerging roles played by PTPs in human diseases, a detailed understanding of the role played by PTPs in normal physiology and in pathogenic conditions has been hampered by the absence of PTP-specific inhibitors. Such...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is implicated as a negative regulator of insulin receptor (IR) signaling and a potential drug target for the treatment of type II diabetes and other associated metabolic syndromes. Thus, small molecule inhibitors of PTP1B can be considered as an attractive approach for the design of new therapeutic agents of type II diabetes and cancer diseases. In a cont...