PURPOSE The uterine tandem with open-ended vaginal cylinder is the most commonly used brachytherapy system for Federation Internationale de Gynecologie et d'Obstetrique (FIGO) Stage IIIA cervix cancer at the National Cancer Centre, Singapore. Without the 3-channel ovoid system, the dose to the parametrium is often compromised. In this study, a vaginal cylinder that could potentially be incorpor...

Natural convection in an annulus with a discrete heat source on the inner cylinder is studied numerically. The outer cylinder is isothermally cooled at a fixed low temperature, and the top wall, the bottom wall and unheated portions of the inner cylinder are thermally insulated. For low applied heat flux through the heater, as measured non-dimensionally by a Grashof number, Gr , the flow in the...

An electromagnetic scattering solution for the interaction between a dielectric cylinder and a slightly rough surface is presented in this paper. Taking the advantage of a newly developed technique that utilizes the reciprocity theorem, the difficulty in formulating the secondary scattered fields from the composite target reduces to the evaluation of integrals involving the scattered fields fro...

BACKGROUND This study examined the refractive and visual outcome of wavefront-optimized laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with low myopia and compound myopic astigmatism ≤ 0.75 diopter (D). METHODS 153 eyes from 153 consecutive myopic patients (74 male, 79 female; mean age at surgery 40.4 ± 10.4 years) who had a preoperative refractive cylinder ≤ 0.75 D and a manifest sphere betwee...

in this study the wavelet neural network (wnn) and artificial neural network (ann) were used to simulate barley breakage percentage in combine harvester. the models have been trained using the same data conditions. air temperature, thresher cylinder speed, distance between thresher cylinder and concave (back and forth) and the percentage of barely moisture were as the input variables. the resul...

A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) solution was placed in the gap (1 mm) between two coaxial cylinders; the inside diameter of the outer cylinder was 12 mm, and the outside diameter of the inner cylinder was 10 mm. When the inside cylinder was rotated at 2500 revolutions per minute, a sufficiently large velocity gradient of the liquid flow was produced across the gap so that the DNA molecules were o...

In any brake system of an automobile or passenger vehicle, an increase in Master/Wheel cylinder diameter ratio leads to an increase in brake efficiency. This paper focuses on Master/Wheel cylinder diameter effect on the brake efficiency. A VISUAL BASIC computer code was developed for computation of Master/Wheel cylinder diameter ratio corresponding to break efficiency. Aided by the developed so...

A novel optical diagnostic technique, Molecular Tagging Velocimetry and Thermometry (MTV&T), was used for qualitative flow visualization and quantitative simultaneous measurements of velocity and temperature fields in the wake of a heated cylinder. The experiment was conducted in a water channel with the heated cylinder placed horizontally in the middle of the water channel, and the flow being ...

Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of fuel spray on in-cylinder mixture preparation and its impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Novel image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the fuel impingement quantitatively on in-cylinder surfaces. The technique is useful to optimize t...

Results of thermal convection experiments in a rotating uid with a geometry similar to the Earth's core tangent cylinder are presented. We nd four di erent regimes of convection. In order of increasing heat ow, these are: (1) subcritical (no convection), (2) helical plumes (hetons) around the tangent cylinder, (3) hetons throughout the tangent cylinder, and (4) fully three-dimensional convectio...