Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) possess the potential to become all cell and tissue types of the human body. Under chemically defined culture systems, hESCs and hiPSCs have been efficiently directed to functional spinal motoneurons and astrocytes. The differentiation process faithfully recapitulates the developmental process predicted from st...

objective: human basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) plays an important role in cellular proliferation, embryonic development, and angiogenesis as well as in several signaling pathways of various cell types. bfgf is an essential growth factor for the maintenance of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hescs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hipscs). materials and methods: in ...

The development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is considered a turning point in tissue engineering. However, more data are required to improve understanding of key aspects of the cell differentiation process, including how specific chondrogenic processes affect the gene expression profile of chondrocyte‑like cells and the relative value of cell differentiation markers. The mai...

Abstract Assessment of neuroactive effects chemicals in cell-based assays remains challenging as complex functional tissue is required for biologically relevant readouts. Recent vitro models using rodent primary neural cultures grown on multielectrode arrays allow quantitative measurements network activity suitable neurotoxicity screening. However, robust systems testing function human are stil...

Bone tissue has anisotropic microstructure based on collagen/biological apatite orientation, which plays essential roles in the mechanical and biological functions of bone. However, obtaining an appropriate anisotropic microstructure during the bone regeneration process remains a great challenging. A powerful strategy for the control of both differentiation and structural development of newly-f...

Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered to be potentially able to differentiate into all human cell lineages and thus hold promise as an unlimited source for cell replacement therapies in clinical applications. Definitive endoderm (DE) formation is the first and crucial step in the development of visceral organs such as liver, lung, pancreas and so forth. Therefore, efficie...

Liver transplantation is the definitive treatment of liver failure but donor organ shortage limits its availability. Stem cells are highly expandable and have the potential to differentiate into any specialist cell. Use of patient-derived induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) has the additional advantage for organ regeneration therapies by removing the need for immunosuppression. We compared ...

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), like embryonic stem cells, are under intense investigation for novel approaches to model disease and for regenerative therapies. Here, we describe the derivation and characterization of hiPSCs from a variety of sources and show that, irrespective of origin or method of reprogramming, hiPSCs can be differentiated on OP9 stroma towards a multi-lineag...

Efficient strategies for precise genome editing in human-induced pluripotent cells (hiPSCs) will enable sophisticated genome engineering for research and clinical purposes. The development of programmable sequence-specific nucleases such as Transcription Activator-Like Effectors Nucleases (TALENs) and Cas9-gRNA allows genetic modifications to be made more efficiently at targeted sites of intere...