External program manager involvement can provide professional and systematic management services to owners. It help manage coordinate different subprojects ensure the achievement of overall strategic goals large projects. The promotion external is not only efficiency-driven, but institutional environment also has a significant impact. This study developed theoretical model explain how influence...

We estimate the impacts of two interventions implemented as field experiments in informal settlements by Nairobi’s water and sanitation utility to improve revenue collection efficiency last mile connection loan repayment: (i) face-to-face engagement between staff customers encourage payment (ii) contract enforcement for service disconnection due nonpayment form transparent credible notices. Whi...

The formation of network integrative structures at the present stage is associated with factors institutional environment. article presents results a study impact environment on stability links structure. research method based search for correlation dependence indicator characterizing relationships between subjects and show that financial support, ensuring availability credit resources, providi...

This paper analyzes the optimal design of banking regulation when three layers of agency conflicts between society and banks, society and supervisors, and bank owners and managers are present. We argue that regulatory rules, supervisory incentives, and managerial compensation form an interdependent nexus. Since managerial incentives reveal information about banks’ operating policies comprehensi...

(2006). Effect of european working time directive on a stroke unit. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down poli...

In 2013, around 121 billion US-Dollar have been spend worldwide to promote the investment into renewable energy sources. The most prominent support scheme employed is a feed-in tariff, which guarantees a fixed price for electricity produced by renewable energies sources, usually for around 15 years after the installation of the plant. We study the incidence of wind turbine subsidies due to a fe...

Using the high-power setting of newly privatized firms from 64 countries, we examine the relationship between ownership type and firm-level capital allocations as captured by investment sensitivity to stock price. Consistent with our predictions that government and foreign institutional owners are associated with different levels of information asymmetry and agency problems, we find strong and ...

The 1991 Credit Lyonnais court ruling expanded the fiduciary duties of managers towards debtholders in near-insolvent Delaware firms. Differences-in-differences tests reveal that innovation efficiency increased among all Delaware firms following the ruling. Further, Delaware firms close to (far from) insolvency reduced (expanded) their R&D expenditures and innovation output. Both sets of firms ...