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Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain (coord) National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland "Mario Negri" Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom Cancer Research UK, United Kingdom Hellenic Cancer Society, Athens, Greece Porto University Medical School, Porto, Portugal National Institute for Health Promotion, Budapest, Hungary...

BACKGROUND: Recent empirical research has found behavioral health carve-outs in the US to reduce costs immediately and considerably, compared to indemnity insurance and HMOs. Carve-outs have quickly captured a large part of the organized market in US behavioral health. At the same time, market concentration has increased significantly. METHODS: The current paper uses concepts and results from t...

Deteriorated urban textures are areas of a city isolated from developmental life cycle. They have turned into the focus of problems and inefficiencies. The evaluation of renewal actions claims to promote residents’ satisfaction in some cases. At the same time of improving objective and economic quality of life, there are claims regarding the lack of any improvements in their subjective quality ...

Climate change is the alteration of climate directly or indirectly caused by human activities that modify the composition of the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases (GHG), particularly CO2, are accumulating in the atmosphere, with the consequent warming. Global mean temperature has risen since preindustrial times, with most of the warming occurring in the last three decades. The consequence are increa...

The results of a cost-effectiveness analysis of cervical cancer screening in The Netherlands are reported, emphasizing the analysis of the costs of screening and consequent diagnosis and treatment. Many organized screening policies are evaluated, differing in age-range and interval between screens. The cost estimates are based on organization charts, file studies and tariffs. The costs of scree...

The economics of cold food pasteurization are governed by a number of factors, including: the type of ionizing radiation source (X-Ray, or Gamma), cost and power of the source, pasteurization dose, location of the pasteurization facility, facility capacity factor, and the annualized costs. Using a costing procedure developed by Morrison [1], calculations for typical sources, locations, etc., ha...