In this paper, a 20-ton prototype compound hybrid excavator is presented which includes assisting electric motor, swing electric motor, a super capacitor pack, an engine and negative flow hydraulic system. The energy-saving principle of hybrid excavator is introduced as well. The development rules of power train which include parameter design rules of key components and hierarchical structure o...

This article explores the potential impacts of integrating electric vehicles (EVs) and variable renewable energy (VRE) on power system operation. EVs VRE are integrated in a production cost model with 5 min time resolution multiple planning horizons to deduce effects generation EV charging operating costs, dispatch stacks, reserves curtailment. penetration scenarios light-duty vehicle fleet 10%...