background and purpose: self-medication is a global medical issue, the rate of which has been reported to be on the rise in recent years. this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence rate of self-medication and the associated factors among the university students of ahvaz city, iran. materials and methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted at jundishapur and shahid chamran universities of...

introduction: oxygen is a drug and physician and nurses should be familiar with the effects and potential risks of oxygen therapy. the current study aimed to assess familiarity of physicians and nurses with various aspects of oxygen therapy. method: in this cross sectional study, the familiarity of physicians and nurses with various aspects of oxygen therapy in a teaching hospital was evaluated...

BACKGROUND Historically, children have been undertreated for their pain, and they continue to undergo painful cutaneous procedures without analgesics. A new topical anesthetic, liposomal lidocaine 4% cream (Maxilene, RGR Pharma, Windsor, Ont.), has become available. It has pharmacologic properties that are superior to other topical anesthetics, including an onset of action of only 30 minutes. W...

BACKGROUND Chronic opium exposure leads to altered response to opioid compounds. The aim of this study was to assess the behavioral effects of opium tolerance on the analgesic effects of intrathecal lidocaine in rats. METHODS Twenty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats with intrathecal (IT) catheters were divided into 3 groups of 8. The first group was morphine tolerant and received IT lidocai...

OBJECTIVE To determine the analgesic effect and tolerability of a novel needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system in children undergoing venipuncture. STUDY DESIGN In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center trial, 306 children age 3 to 18 years were randomized to receive a needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system or matching sham placebo at the back of the hand 2 to 3 minu...

AIMS To explore whether lidocaine has the synergistic effect with pingyangmycin (PYM) in the venous malformations (VMs) treatment. METHODS The mouse spleen was chosen as a VM model and injected with different concentration of lidocaine or PYM or jointly treated with lidocaine and PYM. After 2, 5, 8 or 14 days, the mouse spleen tissues were acquired for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, transmi...

BACKGROUND It is well known that suspension laryngoscopy (SL) produces marked hemodynamic changes. Coughing during extubation sometimes causes adverse clinical problems. We investigated whether 10% lidocaine spray could attenuate hemodynamic stress responses due to SL and reduce coughing incidence during extubation. METHODS Sixty patients undergoing SL were randomly divided into two groups an...

Changes in the motor-evoked potential of the spinal cord with transcranial stimulation are monitored for spinal cord function during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgeries. We examined the effects of changes in motor-evoked potential with cold saline injected into the clamped segment of the aorta, and compared the effects to lidocaine and warm saline injection. Eighteen dogs were divided in...

Eye lesions are commonly observed in pinnipeds. Clinical assessment is challenging because animals are often blepharospastic and under inhalant anesthesia the globe rotates ventrally, making observation difficult. Retrobulbar and auriculopalpebral nerve block techniques have been developed in other species to alleviate these difficulties and allow for a more thorough ophthalmic exam. Ocular ner...

purpose: propofol is one of the most common drugs used in anesthesia induction and the pain during its intravenous injection is one of the most important side effectsthat it has. therefore, many methods and drugs have been examined so far to reduce or eliminate this side effect. in this study a lot the effects of alfentanil, magnesium sulfate and ketamine drugs on reducing the pain during intra...