This report summarizes the findings of a UNDP-sponsored study on the structure of the financial sector, central bank policy, and employment outcomes in Ghana. The financial sector is the primary conduit through which monetary policy affects real economic outcomes, and monetary policy determines the resources available to financial institutions. Therefore, monetary policy must be coordinated wit...

OBJECTIVES To conduct a content analysis of pre-Games local media coverage of the potential impact on health and the determinants of health in Newham, the site of the Olympic Park. DESIGN Local newspaper content analysis. SETTING Olympic park host site of the London Borough of Newham. OUTCOME MEASURES Media coverage of employment, physical activity and well-being. RESULTS Three hundred ...

University campuses must take a leadership position in helping cities and nations address the challenges and opportunities of climate change, urban population growth in developing countries, as well as aging populations in developed countries. To turn these challenges into opportunities require systems integration approaches to providing regional, urban and local energy, connectivity, water, mo...

The present research aimed at identifying employment limitations and constraints facing the university graduates in agricultural majors, also finding the solutions to enhance opportunities and job potentials for the agricultural graduates. The study used qualitative research methods. Qualitative data collection was done with the help of semi-structured interviews. Data were gathered from 30 emp...

Between 2004/2005 and 2009/2010 there was a sharp fall in female labor force participation (LFP) in rural India. Why did this occur? We look at the four standard explanations: that more women in rural areas are now pursuing higher education and are therefore not available for work (education effect), that household incomes are rising quickly enough that there is a tendency for...

This paper investigates how child labor and schooling are responsive to opportunities to work, in particular to opportunities provided by children’s own parents. The paper demonstrates that after controlling for household, parental, regional, and child characteristics, children whose parents are self-employed or employers are more likely to work than children of employees, irrespective of the s...

The study was designed to examine the relationship of Pay Satisfaction, organizational commitment and perceived employment opportunities with Turnover intention and pay satisfaction with organization commitment. The instruments used to measure the variables of the study were Demographic Data Sheet and Pay Satisfaction scale, Organizational commitment scale and turnover intentions scale. The sam...

We investigate the disciplining role of debt in the publicly held firm by examining the relation between employee productivity and financial leverage. The unique feature of our study is that we incorporate outside employment opportunities for employees into the analysis. Consistent with the notion that the debt serves as a bonding mechanism because agents exert additional effort to avoid the pe...

In this study we hypothesize that variations in state welfare policies in the reform era may affect adolescents through two mechanisms. A competing labor market hypothesis posits that stringent state welfare policies may reduce adolescent employment. A signaling hypothesis posits that stringent welfare policies may promote enrollment. To test these hypotheses, we use a dynamic joint model of ad...