.............................................................................................................................. 9 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 10 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ......................................................................................... 11 1. Prostate cancer...

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most useful marker in the early detection of prostate cancer and for the monitoring of patients with this diagnosis. Molecular forms of PSA and also human kallikrein 2 have been used to discriminate between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer as well as for the detection of prostate cancer within the gray zone of PSA. In this respect, a litera...

PURPOSE Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling-time (PSA-DT) is an important indicator of progression and survival in men with prostate cancer. Three major limitations regarding PSA-DT determination may lead to inconsistent results: the variety of mathematical methods currently applied, the non-standardized handling of input variables and the potential lack of accuracy due to PSA variability....

BACKGROUND/AIM Recent studies have shown that an early prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to androgen receptor (AR)-targeting agents in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with a better prognosis. We analyzed early PSA response to enzalutamide and oncological outcomes to study their prognostic significance in the Japanese population. PATIENTS AND METHOD...

PURPOSE To evaluate whether the risk of prostate cancer was different according to the pattern of fluctuation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients undergoing repeat transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx). METHODS From March 2003 to December 2012, 492 patients underwent repeat TRUS-Bx. The patients were stratified into 3 groups based on the PSA fluctuation pat...

BACKGROUND The proteome of the serine protease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and its enzymatic properties have been clarified only recently. We have developed a specific and sensitive method for the measurement of active PSA and used it to measure proPSA in blood. METHODS We used the synthetic peptide KGISSQY, which possesses a PSA-specific cleavage site, as substrate. To ascertain the spec...

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used marker for screening and monitoring prostate cancer. We identified and characterized the epitopes of two anti-PSA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) designated B80 and B87. The epitopes were initially mapped as nonoverlapping by developing a sandwich immunoassay to measure PSA with the two anti-PSA mAbs. The two antibodies do not cross-react with homol...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate male patients with diagnosed chronic prostatitis, elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to find out whether medical treatment with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs can lower serum PSA, and consequently decrease the prostate cancer detection rate in patients with post-treatment PSA<4 ng/mL. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study evaluated 142 male patie...

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA or kallikrein-related peptidase-3, KLK3) exerts chymotrypsin-like proteolytic activity. The main biological function of PSA is the liquefaction of the clot formed after ejaculation by cleavage of semenogelins I and II in seminal fluid. PSA also cleaves several other substrates, which may explain its putative functions in prostate cancer and its antiangiogenic acti...