Before 1990s, reliable data on the prevalence of NCC were limited. Neuro imaging studies, biopsy or autopsy studies needed to confirm the diagnosis, were not easily available in areas where the infection was endemic. Serological assay performed with unfractioned antigens were both insensitive and non-specific.3 Enzymelinked Immuno electrotransfer blot (EITB) was the first specific assay for T. ...

INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 458 STRUCTURE. ... ................................................................................ 459 BIOCHEMISTRY.............. ... . .... . ............................................... 459 Composition of the Virus 459 Changes Induced by Infection 60 Induction of Enzymes. MECHANISM OF CELL INFECT...

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) has distinct subtypes according to genomic characterization. Immune responses induced by BoHV-1 subtype 1 (BoHV-1.1) are not distinguishable from those induced by BoHV-1 subtype 2 (BoHV-1.2) through conventional serological methods. In the present report, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is described that allows discrimination between immune responses in c...

Visceral pentastomiasis in humans is caused by the larval stages (nymphs) of the arthropod-related tongue worms Linguatula serrata, Armillifer armillatus, A. moniliformis, A. grandis, and Porocephalus crotali. The majority of cases has been reported from Africa, Malaysia, and the Middle East, where visceral pentastomiasis may be an incidental finding in autopsies, and less often from China and ...

Sera from wild geese were tested for antibodies to selected viral pathogens at a resting site for wild waterfowl in Germany. Serum samples from both bean geese (Anser fabalis) and white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) collected in October 1991 were examined using serological methods licensed for routine diagnosis in domestic poultry. Of 130 sera tested, antibodies to several infectious agents w...

The incidence of allergy and autoimmune disease in the US and other industrialized nations is increasing, and gluten-related disorders are no exception. The US has documented a profound rise in celiac disease that cannot be fully explained by improved serological techniques or better recognition by physicians. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity, a condition only recently recognized by the medical co...

Soon after the discovery of HCV in 1989, both serological tests for antibody detection and a genomic amplification method (reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction) for HCV RNA detection were developed. With these tools in hand, investigators began studying the epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history of HCV infection. Investigators were quick to observe that HCV infect...

There is currently no public policy that provides guidance concerning whether and when physicians infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can safely perform invasive procedures. A committee of experts in the fields of medicine, law, and biomedical ethics and 1 community member, aided by an advisory board, was established to produ...

Toxoplasmosis possess worldwide geographic distribution and high serological prevalence in human beings and animals. Acquired way is, in the majority of the times, light or asymptomatic however, in approximately 15% of the cases can be developed the ocular form. The aim of this study is to research the occurrence of IgG anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in children at an elementary school in J...

Polyacrylamide gel analysis of the structural polypeptides of purified group C virions allowed six major proteins to be identified. Of these, two (52,000- and 39,000-molecular-weight polypeptides) were shown to be in the outer virion shell as judged by the ability to strip them from virions by treatment with EDTA. Treatment of purified particles with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F showed t...