The restriction of feasible motions a manipulator link constrained to move through an entry port is common problem in minimally invasive surgery procedures. Additional spatial restrictions are required ensure the safety sensitive regions from unintentional damage. In this work, we design target admittance model that proved enforce robot tool manipulation by human remote center motion and guaran...

CONTEXT Vigorous physical exertion transiently increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI), but little is known about the clinical characteristics of exertion-related MI. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients who had an exertion-related acute MI vs those who experienced an MI not related to exertion. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospective observat...

BACKGROUND Retrospective and cross-sectional data suggest that vigorous exertion can trigger cardiac arrest or sudden death and that habitual exercise may diminish this risk. However, the role of physical activity in precipitating or preventing sudden death has not been assessed prospectively in a large number of subjects. METHODS We used a prospective, nested case-crossover design within the...

PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to measure the oxidative stress response to similarly matched work bouts of squat and sprint exercise. METHODS Twelve anaerobically trained men performed six 10-s sprints and, on a separate occasion, repeated barbell squats to approximately equal the amount of work performed during the sprints. Blood lactate, heart rate, and perceived exertion was...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the load on the human spine during force-paced and self-paced lifting and subsequent rest. Five women and five men worked under self-paced and force-paced (4 lifts/min) conditions on two days lifting a box for 30 min. The weight of the box was determined by the rating of acceptable load (RAL) method. During the work the lift rate was o...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of fluid ingestion on neuromuscular function during prolonged cycling exercise. METHODS Eight well trained subjects exercised for 180 minutes in a moderate environment at a workload requiring approximately 60% maximal oxygen uptake. Two conditions, fluid (F) and no fluid (NF) ingestion, were investigated. RESULTS During maximal voluntary isometric contr...

BACKGROUND The acute blood pressure response to physical exertion has been used as an indicator of the risk of developing hypertension. The factors associated with this response need to be clarified for timely intervention in preventing hypertensive disease. OBJECTIVE To describe the response of cardiovascular variables to acute physical exertion in overweight adolescents using cardiopulmonar...