Tumour endothelial marker-8 (TEM-8) belongs to a family of endothelial markers that are raised during tumour angiogenesis. We have recently reported aberrant expression of TEMs at the mRNA level in human breast cancer. This study sought to examine the level of TEM-8 expression at the protein and mRNA level in human breast cancer tissue, and in a panel of human breast cancer cell lines. We also ...

Ultrastructural characterisation is important for understanding carbon nanotube (CNT) toxicity and how the CNTs interact with cells and tissues. The standard method for this involves using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, in particular, the sample preparation, using a microtome to cut thin sample sections for TEM, can be challenging for investigation of regions with agglomeratio...

Viruses are very small and most of them can be seen only by TEM (transmission electron microscopy). TEM has therefore made a major contribution to virology, including the discovery of many viruses, the diagnosis of various viral infections and fundamental investigations of virus-host cell interactions. However, TEM has gradually been replaced by more sensitive methods, such as the PCR. In resea...

Effector memory T (Tem) cells are essential mediators of autoimmune disease and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), a convenient model for two-photon imaging of Tem cell participation in an inflammatory response. Shortly (3 hr) after entry into antigen-primed ear tissue, Tem cells stably attached to antigen-bearing antigen-presenting cells (APCs). After 24 hr, enlarged Tem cells were highly mo...

Biological molecules are composed of light elements and can be considered as phase objects for the electron waves. Therefore, images of their unstained specimens show low contrast in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Phase contrast TEM (P-TEM) is one of the powerful techniques to enhance image contrast of the phase objects [1]. In P-TEM, the phase plate (PP) is placed at a back focal plan...

We investigated magnetic remanence states of epitaxially grown, exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers by electron holography emphasizing the crystallographic orientations of the layers. Thin-foil transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens were carefully prepared along both hard and easy axes of the Fe layer. The ex situ magnetization-reversal process was carried out using the TEM specimens, an...

We describe a quantitative assay of transendothelial migration (TEM) that allows us to selectively study the interaction of monocytes with confluent human endothelial cell (HEC) monolayers. The HEC are grown on hydrated collagen gels; the monocytes need not be purified. 100% of monocytes transmigrated the monolayer within 1 h at 37 degrees C and accumulated in the subendothelial collagen; TEM o...

We describe a quantitative assay of transendothelial migration (TEM) that allows us to selectively study the interaction of monocytes with confluent human endothelial cell (HEC) monolayers. The HEC are grown on hydrated collagen gels; the monocytes need not be purified. 100% of monocytes transmigrated the monolayer within 1 h at 37~ and accumulated in the subendothelial collagen; TEM oflymphocy...

OBJECTIVES Kinetic characterization of TEM-134, a new TEM-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase variant isolated from Citrobacter koseri during an Italian nationwide survey. TEM-134 is a natural derivative of TEM-2 with the following substitutions: E104K, R164H and G238S. METHODS Recombinant TEM-134 was purified from Escherichia coli HB101 (pMGP-134) by three chromatographic steps (cation-exc...