This study was conducted to determine whether hypohydration (Hy) alters blood flow, skin temperature, or cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) during peripheral cooling. Fourteen subjects sat in a thermoneutral environment (27 degrees C) during 15-min warm-water (42 degrees C) and 30-min cold-water (4 degrees C) finger immersion (FI) while euhydrated (Eu) and, again, during Hy. Hy (-4% body weight) ...

biomimetic method was used to apply hydroxyapatite (ha) coating onto ti6al4v cylinders. this process is a physicochemical method in which a substrate is soaked in a solution simulating the physiological conditions, for a period of time enough to form a desirable layer of the calcium phosphate on the substrate. in the present study, specimens were soaked in 5, 10 m solutions of naoh at temperatu...

Background: Ionizing radiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play an important causative role in cell death. Wholebody exposure of mice to gamma radiation leads to diminution of tissue antioxidant defense systems increases the peroxidative damage to membrane lipids and damages the haematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. Tempol (TPL), a cell membranep...

background: this study has used biomarker of exposure-effect continuum to examine the biological characteristics of organophosphate (op) toxicity and its genotoxic effect among rice farmers.   materials and methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 pesticide exposed rice farmers and 160 adults from the fishing village as the unexposed group. they share the common socio-economica...

Hypohydration occurs during cold-air exposure (CAE) through combined effects of reduced fluid intake and increased fluid losses. Because hypohydration is associated with reduced physical performance, strategies for maintaining hydration during CAE are important. Glycerol ingestion (GI) can induce hyperhydration in hot and temperate environments, resulting in greater fluid retention compared wit...

Hepatitis B and C are considered as an important health hazard among health care workers (HCWs). These blood borne infections can be transmitted either from HCW to a patient or vice-versa. Both viruses are known to cause hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Among these two blood borne infections, HBV is usually more stable in the external environment and is more infectious as comp...

BACKGROUND Conventional concept suggests that infused crystalloid fluid is first distributed in the plasma volume and then, since the capillary permeability for fluid is very high, almost instantly equilibrates with the extracellular fluid space. We challenge whether this view is consistent with findings based on volume kinetic analysis. METHODS Fifteen volunteers received an IV infusion of 1...

background: noise is one of the most pervasive hazards in industrial settings. this retrospective study was carried out to assess the effects of noise exposure on hearing status, blood lipids and blood pressure of employees of a local fireclay mine. methods: two hundred and forty male workers were studied. data on audiometric measurements, blood lipids and blood pressure were derived from the w...

background: exposure to blood-borne pathogens from needle-stick and sharp injuries continues to pose a significant risk to health care workers. these events are of concern because of the risk to transmit blood-borne diseases such as hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, and the human immunodeficiency virus. objective: to benchmark different risk factors associated with needle-stick incidents am...