open local energy requirements, the need for regional energy planning in the process of macro-planning can make significant energy. in this respect, the outer part of the direct effects of energy production and consumption locally effective, less energy planning processes will be huge. in this paper, the issue of continuity of energy supply, long-term access to resources and lower emissions fro...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the composite surface treated by different powers of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (er:yag) laser in comparison with bur preparation via scanning electron microscope. methods: fourteen composite resin blocks with 15× 10 × 10 mm dimensions were used in this study. the samples were divided to seven groups as follow: group 1 (power: 1 w, e...

within the framework of international political economy, this article discusses the situation of energy resources, including oil and gas, in central asia and argues that due to abundance of oil and gas resources in such countries as kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan, and hefty revenues generated by those resources, statesmen in these countries are planning to turn central asia into a majo...

background: despite the great impact of diet on the metabolic syndrome, limited data are available relating dietary energy density to this syndrome. furthermore, due to specific characteristics of diet in middle-eastern countries, looking for the association between dietary energy density and metabolic syndrome in this part of the world would be interesting. this study was performed to assess t...

the shear strength and shear energy per unit area, as well as the force and energy required for picking flowers, are important parameters in the design and development of harvesting mechanisms. in this study, shear strength and shear energy per unit area of saffron (crocus sativus l.) stems were determined at different bevel angles and shear velocities. the force and energy required for picking...

comparison of energy productivity of different crops can be used as an effective tool to prioritize crops planting in each area. this study was conducted in order to compare of wheat and barley farms of sistan and blochestan province in relation of various aspects of energy consumption at 2009. 100 wheat and 100 barley fields were selected randomly from zahedan, zabol, saravan, khash, iranshahr...

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a public health problem worldwide. increased energy and protein needs, decreased energy and protein intake are common in copd patients. adequate intake is essential to improve pulmonary function and immune system, prevention of weight loss and maintaining muscle mass and strength. assessment of energy and protein intake and its relationship with p...

with the increasing installed capacity of desalination, the greenhouse gas emission for generating the required energy to power the desalination plants is also becoming the focus of attention in the world community. domestic reverse osmosis membranes have been very successful technology especially in the developing world to provide safe drinking water. the novel concept of photovoltaic powered ...