purpose post exercise proteinuria and increased urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase (ggt) levels can be indicative of exercise-induced renal damage. the aim of this investigation is to study the effect of one session of intensive training on renal damage markers and compare their values to those 6 hours after training. methods in this cross-sectional study with pre- and post-test design, 10 elit...

objective(s): osteoarthritis (oa) or degenerative joint disease is the commonest form of arthritis and can lead to joint pain, decrease in joint’s range of motion, loss of function, and ultimately disability. exercise is considered as one of the non-pharmacological treatments of oa. but the effects of exercise on knee joint cartilage remain ambiguous. the aim of the present study was to investi...

the purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of 3-years of moderate multi-component exercise training on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in a female subject with osteoporosis. a 57-year-old postmenopausal woman, a known case of osteoporosis following an accident, participated in this study. bone mineral density and bone mineral content was measured in the femoral nec...

the purpose of this research was to study growth hormone (gh) response to a session of maximal exercise in active adolescents. for this purpose, 15 subjects (8 females: age 13± 0.5 yrs, height 153.25± 3.73 cm, weight 43± 5.10 kg and 7 males: age 14± 0.5 yrs, height 166.86± 6.07 cm, weight 52.86± 5.61 kg) performed an incremental exercise protocol on a treadmill with an increasing grade until vo...

Background. Although most people are aware of the advantages of physical exercise, they fail to adhere to a regular routine of exercise, which necessitates this intervention. Objectives. In this study, by controlling the moderating role of the variable of commitment to exercise, the effect of a special cognitive-behavioral intervention on the commitment and adherence to an exercise routine has...

Anxiety and depression are the most frequently diagnosed psychological diseases showing a high co-morbidity. They have a severe impact on the lives of the persons concerned. The physical, mental and social benefits of exercise have been well-documented. In Iran, mental disorders are one of the largest sources of disease burden. The aim of this paper is to critically review the currently availab...

Background & aim:  Considering the fact that cesarean section (c-section) poses greater risks of maternal and neonatal complications, compared to vaginal delivery, scholars seek different strategies to decrease the prevalence of this surgical procedure. Birth ball exercises during pregnancy are among the proposed strategies. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of using birth ball dur...

Background: For decades, static stretching has been the standard benchmark for training programs, because it has been shown to increase flexibility compared with other methods of stretching. Objective: The current study investigated and compared the effects of active dynamic stretching and passive static stretching on hamstring tightness. Me...