Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma that is most typically found in children under 15 years of age (1). The World Health Organization distinguishes predominantly pleomorphic, alveolar, embryonal and mixed types of rhabdomyosarcoma (2). Head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma is common in childhood, however, is very rare in adults, especially of the embryonal type in the nasal cavity ...

PURPOSE The CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4)/stromal-derived factor-1 and c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor axes promote the metastatic potential of rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines in experimental models, but no data are available on their role in rhabdomyosarcoma tumors. The expressions of CXCR4 and c-Met were evaluated in primary tumors and isolated tumor cells in marrow, and were correlated with cl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current management options for low-stage mixed malignant germ-cell testicular tumors (MMGCT) after radical orchiectomy include surveillance, chemotherapy, or retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND). The open RPLND is the surgical gold standard and has been duplicated laparoscopically with confirmed diagnostic effectiveness; however, its therapeutic oncologic value i...

To cite: Dhull AK. BMJ Case Reports Published online: 10 December 2012 doi:10.1136/bcr-2012007657 DESCRIPTION Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma constitutes approximately 1% of all paediatric tumours. Primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of lip is a very rare pathological entity. Here is presented a case of primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of upper lip treated with palliative external radiation therapy fo...

The expression of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their receptors has been linked to cellular proliferation and tumorigenicity in a number of model systems. Since rhabdomyosarcoma cells express IGF-I receptors, an autocrine or paracrine loop involving this receptor and its ligands could be responsible in part for the growth characteristics of this tumor. To assess directly the role o...

UNLABELLED Gene fusions and their chimeric products are common features of neoplasia. Given that many cancers arise by the dysregulated recapitulation of processes in normal development, we hypothesized that comparable chimeric gene products may exist in normal cells. Here, we show that a chimeric RNA, PAX3-FOXO1, identical to that found in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, is transiently present in c...

A 69-year-old woman was diagnosed with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) of the nasopharynx. She has a history of catastrophic thromboembolic event in the abdomen that caused short-gut syndrome and dependence on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) twelve hours per day. She was treated for short-gut syndrome with teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog, which led to reduction of TPN re...

An 8 year old boy presented with a swelling on the left side of the face (A). On inquiry, he revealed that it had been rapidly growing since he first noticed 15 days earlier, and was associated with sharp pain at night. He had constitutional symptoms such as weight loss and fatigue, but no history of fever. On examination, the swelling had a shiny appearance, with no changes in skin color and t...

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive childhood muscle cancer for which outcomes are poor when the disease is advanced. Although well-developed mouse models exist for embryonal and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas, neither a spontaneous nor a transgenic mouse model of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma has yet been reported. We report the first mouse model of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma using a conditio...