Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common malignancy in pediatric patients; its diagnosis is usually easy to establish as malignant lymphoblasts invade the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Some acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients may initially present with pancytopenia and a hypoplastic bone marrow leading to the initial diagnosis of aplastic anemia. In most of these patients clinical ...

BACKGROUND Cytokines released in the bone marrow and thymic microenvironments play a key role in the growth of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Among such cytokines, interleukin-8 is highly expressed in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells refractory to chemotherapy. In this study we explored whether bone marrow stromal cells can regulate IL-8 expression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic l...

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is rarely reported in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and may be difficult to differentiate from vincristine induced neuropathy. We report two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on induction chemotherapy who developed GBS. The diagnostic issues and potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying GBS in pediatric patients with ALL are discussed.

Transcription factor IKZF1 (IKAROS) acts as a critical regulator of lymphoid differentiation and is frequently deleted or mutated in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. IKZF1 gene defects are associated with inferior treatment outcome in both childhood and adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and occur in more than 70% of BCR-ABL1-positive and BCR-ABL1-like cases of ac...

leukemia is the most common childhood cancer and accounts for 30-40% of all malignancies. a retrospective review  was performed of the hospital records of 9 children, 6 boys and 3 girls, aged  from 2.5 to 15 years with all initially referred to nemazee hospital nuclear medicine center for whole body bone scanning between 2000 and 2002. bone marrow pathology established all (l1) in two and all (...

Ifosfamide is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of numerous types of malignancies. Neurotoxicity is one of its life-threatening complications and is potentially fatal. In this paper we present a case of severe ifosfamide- induced encephalopathy in an adolescent with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in whom treatment with methylene blue led to complete improvem...

Herein we describe a case of intraocular melanoma in a17-year old leukemic patient.  The history, histological findings of the enucleated eye, blood and bone marrow of the patient were investigated. The enucleated eye contained epitheloid cell type melanoma instead of leukemic cell infiltration.  We conclude that intraocular malignant melanoma can occur in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.