In this Article, I argue that tax and tran~fer policies are more efficient than immigration restrictions as instruments for raising the aftertax incomes of the least skilled native workers. Policies to protect these native workers frol1'l immigrant competition in the labor nwrket do no better at promoting distributive justice and are likely to impose a greater economic burden on natives in the ...

OBJECTIVE To compare ondansetron with metoclopramide in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. METHODS We enrolled 160 women with hyperemesis gravidarum in a double-blind randomized trial. Participants were randomized to intravenous 4 mg ondansetron or 10 mg metoclopramide every 8 hours for 24 hours. Participants kept an emesis diary for 24 hours; at 24 hours, they expressed their well-bein...

A recently as the 1960s, hospitals were famous for their quiet and serene environment. Noise restrictions were zealously enforced internally by uniformed nurses and externally by street signs around the perimeter declaring “Hospital—Quiet Zone.” Hospitals and especially operating rooms are no longer quiet.1 In 1972, before the introduction of much of the noisy equipment now routinely used durin...

BACKGROUND Low birth weight has been shown to be closely associated with neonatal mortality and morbidity, inhibited growth, poor cognitive development, and chronic diseases later in life. Some studies have also shown that excessive mobile phone use in the postnatal period may lead to behavioral complications in the children during their growing years; however, the relationship between mobile p...

The development of a seamless general practice 'spiral' curriculum, in which topics may be revisited at different levels of intensity and complexity during the learning process, has been discussed in the context of undergraduate-postgraduate co-operation. Although the lifelong curriculum for all doctors contains a number of core competencies that aim to produce a 'stem' doctor, concerns remain ...

A new radiographic method was developed for measuring changes in root length. With this technique, orthodontic intrusion was investigated as a potential cause of apical root resorption of maxillary incisors. The experimental group consisted of 17 patients with excessive overbite who were treated with a Burstone-type intrusion arch, which delivered a low level of force (about 15 gm per tooth). A...

Zonisamide (ZNS) efficacy and safety in epilepsy have been demonstrated in four double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. In the present article, we examined all long-term studies performed with this drug. Nine open-label studies, in which ZNS had been administered as an add-on or as monotherapy to epileptic patients for at least 6 months, were selected for our analysis. Four outcome measures w...

OBJECTIVE Treating tic disorder is challenging. No trial has ever examined whether twice weekly aripiprazole is effective for treating tic disorders. METHODS Participants of this 8-week randomized controlled parallel-group clinical trial were a clinical sample of 36 children and adolescents with tic disorder. Yale global tic severity scale was used to assess the outcome. Both groups received ...

Synthesis and degradation of collagen is an essential component of wound healing. In most persons, this deposition of collagen results in the formation of a fine line scar which restores much of the tensile strength to the injured tissue and is cosmetically acceptable. However, in certain individuals, the result of wound healing is the excessive accumulation of collagen, resulting in a hypertro...

Excessive infant crying can be troublesome for parents and health-care providers, even though for the most part, it is quite benign for the infant. 1 However, in the context of post-partum depression (PPD), excessive crying behaviour may be problematic if it leads to a failure to elicit appropriate maternal responses. This may have substantial and lasting adverse consequences for development. U...