TNF-related apoptosis-including ligand/Apo2 (TRAIL)-mediated immunotherapy is an attractive anti-tumor modality with high tumor specificity. In order to improve its therapeutic efficacy, we further need to implement a novel maneuver for sensitization of malignant cells to TRAIL. Bortezomib (BTZ), a novel anti-myeloma (MM) agent, potently induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to cause apopto...

BACKGROUND Children with Down syndrome (DS) have increased risk for developing AML (DS-AMKL), and they usually experience severe therapy-related toxicities compared to non DS-AMKL. Refractory/relapsed disease has very poor outcome, and patients would benefit from novel, less toxic, therapeutic strategies that overcome resistance. Relapse/resistance are linked to cancer stem cells with high alde...

We investigate the Ruppeiner geometry of the thermodynamic state space of a general class of BTZ black holes. It is shown that the thermodynamic geometry is flat for both the rotating BTZ and the BTZ Chern Simons black holes in the canonical ensemble. We further investigate the inclusion of thermal fluctuations to the canonical entropy of the BTZ Chern Simons black holes and show that the leadi...

We report the unprecedented observation and unequivocal crystallographic characterization of the meta-stable ligand loss intermediate solvento complex trans-[Ru(bpy)(κ(2) -btz)(κ(1) -btz)(NCMe)](2+) (1 a) that contains a monodentate chelate ligand. This and analogous complexes can be observed during the photolysis reactions of a family of complexes of the form [Ru({NN})(btz)(2)](2+) (1 a-d: btz...

Bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, was initially reported as an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). The NF-κB activity of MM cells is mediated via two distinct pathways, canonical and non-canonical, which show opposing activity after BTZ treatment in MM cells. Recent studies of proteasome inhibition in MM cells reveal ...

A library of 426 FDA-approved drugs was screened for in vitro activity against E. multilocularis metacestodes employing the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) assay. Initial screening at 20 µM revealed that 7 drugs induced considerable metacestode damage, and further dose-response studies revealed that bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor developed for the chemotherapy of myeloma, displayed hig...

A proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (BTZ), was initially reported as an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). The NF-κB activity of MM cells is mediated via two distinguishable pathways, canonical and non-canonical, which showed opposing action after BTZ treatment in MM cells. Recent studies of proteasome inhibition in MM cells ...

We study the dynamical behavior of the BTZ(Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli) black hole with the low-energy string effective action. The perturbation analysis around the BTZ black hole reveals a mixing between the dilaton and other fields. Introducing the new gauge(dilaton gauge), we disentangle this mixing completely and obtain one decoupled dilaton equation. We obtain the decay rate Γ of BTZ black ...

BTZ black hole is interpreted as exact solution of 3d higher spin gauge theory. Solutions for free massless fields in BTZ black hole background are constructed with the help of the star-product algebra formalism underlying the formulation of 3d higher spin theory. It is shown that a part of higher spin symmetries remains unbroken for special values of the BTZ parameters.