Due to the way BGP paths are distributed over iBGP sessions inside an Autonomous System (AS), a BGP withdraw that follows a failure may be propagated outside the AS although other routers of the AS know a valid alternate path. This causes transient losses of connectivity and contributes to the propagation of a large number of unnecessary BGP messages. In this paper, we show, based on RouteViews...

recent advances in life-sustaining treatments and technologies, have given rise to newly-emerged, critical and sometimes, controversial questions regarding different aspects of end-of-life decision-making and care. since religious values are among the most influential factors in these decisions, the present study aimed to examine the islamic scholars' views on end-of-life care. a structured int...

This study reports the cognitive processing of a Year 8 female student (Kerri) during a test, and during her subsequent homework as she consolidated as part of abstracting; a topic of recent research interest. This case adds to the body of knowledge about how constructing and consolidating can occur simultaneously. The analysis captured the complexity of the cognitive processing, and their inte...

Esta revisão cobre os principais eixos de pesquisa desenvolvidos nas Universidades Livres de Bruxelas entre 1961 e 2001. Primeiro, introduzimos os conceitos desenvolvidos no campo das reações de quebra das ligações carbono-estanho em compostos RR’R”R”’Sn usando reagentes E-N, obtendo-se R-E e R’R”R”’SnN, em solventes nucleofilos e não nucleofilos. A adição do nucleofilo ao íon metálico é necess...

In a BGP prefix hijacking event, a router originates a route to a prefix, but does not provide data delivery to the actual prefix. Prefix hijacking events have been widely reported and are a serious problem in the Internet. This paper presents a new Prefix Hijack Alert System (PHAS). PHAS is a real-time notification system that alerts prefix owners when their BGP origin changes. By providing re...

Border Gateway Protocol, an important inter-domain routing protocol, has a number of vulnerabilities. Little is known about how BGP actually performs in today’s Internet. We designed a framework, BGP Assistant, to monitor and analyze BGP traffic. Number of BGP Updates and Route convergence time are used to characterize BGP behavior. Preliminary results with the Oregon Route Views BGP show that ...

On the inter-domain Internet today, the address prefix origin in our BGP operations has become a major security concern. This critical problem can be stated simply as “Is the originating Autonomous System (AS) authorized to advertise the destination address prefix?” In the long term maybe we will be able to prevent this problem by applying proposed solutions such as SBGP[1] or SoBGP[2]. However...

Goal of the SAM-Grid / LCG interoperability project is making available to DZero the resources provided by the LHC Computing Grid (LCG) through the SAM-Grid system. In the months between March and June, the collaboration has put in place a “proof-of-principle” test bed, which demonstrated the feasibility of the integration project. The trip to Lyon was an intensive, strict collaboration with th...

It is commonly recognized that the Internet routing and addressing architecture is facing challenges in scalability, multihoming, and inter-domain traffic engineering. In this paper we study real aggregation (RA), which is a routing compression method by suppressing redundant RA prefixes of Routing Information Base (RIB). RA method can be used as a short-term solution because it does not requir...