shiism, like other islamic sects, believed in the existence of sharia as a comprehensive guide from allah. in the islamic primary sources, as in quran and traditions which are the primary basis for the political fiqh, sharia entered the political life arena of the moslems. from the early second century so far, shiite political fiqh started developing. this trend towards political fiqh was stren...

based on the quran, this article is to answer whether the quran believes in the legitimacy of social classes and what the charactristics of social classes are. after defining social classes and presenting their classifications, the writer claims the quran does not legitimize the existence of social classes, but it emphasizes on seeking proximity to allah and his favour.

Wood chips are often used as solid fuel in modern biomass boilers. Experiments were conducted on 22 boilers located Serbia burning wood fuel. The influence of characteristics is analyzed relation to the flue gas losses and thermal efficiency boiler. Measured useful heat output tested was 460-2585 kW. Moisture content 19.21-38.23% with a net calorific value 10177-14139 kJ/kg ash 0.84-3.59%. Ther...

This natural experiment provides substantial evidence for the following major themes, which are based on a cognitively oriented, process-centered theory of stress and coping: First, a stressful encounter should be viewed as a dynamic, unfolding process, not as a static, unitary event. Emotion and coping (including the use of social support) were assessed at three stages of a midterm examination...