MAGNETIC FLUX CONTROLLERS are materials other than the copper coil that are used in induction systems to alter the flow of the magnetic field. Magnetic flux controllers used in power supplying components are not considered in this article. Magnetic flux controllers have been in existence since the development of the induction technique. Michael Faraday used two coils of wire wrapped around an i...

On pipeline magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection, welds and debris are present in all pipelines and cause lift-off of the sensors and/or the magnetizer of the magnetic flux leakage inspection tool, and have the potential to affect the acquired magnetic flux leakage data. By adopting ANSYS software to simulate the effect of lift-off on the MFL signal. The results of this research indicate that...

I investigate the processes at work in the cancellation of normal magnetic flux in solar magnetograms and study the relationships between cancellation and the budget of free magnetic energy in the coronal magnetic field that can power solar flares and CMEs. After defining cancellation mathematically, I derive equations that quantify the evolution of free magnetic energy in response to arbitrary...

Aims. We improve the description of the evolution of the Sun’s open and total magnetic flux on time scales of years to millenia. Methods. In the model employed here the evolution of the solar total and open magnetic flux is computed from the flux emerging at the solar surface in the form of bipolar magnetic features, which is related to the sunspot number cycle parameters and can be estimated f...

We calculated the change of the magnetic flux through the surface encircled by the Earth’s orbit. This change is associated with the magnetic flux transfer by the solar wind flow and exhibits clear 22-year periodicity. The magnetic flux transferred by the solar wind is of the same order of magnitude as the flux of the main solar magnetic field through the northern hemisphere of the Sun. There s...