cells collected from the lungs of marijuana smokers produce lower than normal amounts of several cytokines and fail to produce nitric oxide (another intermediary in the immune system), severely limiting their ability to kill bacteria. Steffens and colleagues set the stage for their work by demonstrating that immune cells expressing CB2 receptors infiltrate atherosclerotic plaques in humans and ...

NATURE | VOL 429 | 3 JUNE 2004 | www.nature.com/nature 517 Family conflicts are of professional interest not only to agony aunts but to evolutionary biologists as well. A case to exercise the latter has just appeared in Proceedings of the Royal Society, where James Curley and colleagues describe their manipulations of a mouse gene, Peg3. This gene is of particular interest because it is known t...

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is triggered by all inhalative anesthetics as well as depolarizing muscle relaxants in genetically predisposed individuals. Presymptomatic testing is important in this potentially fatal pharmacogenetic disease. In vitro challenging of muscle samples with halothane and caffeine is the basis of contracture testing, which until recently was the only accepted diagnostic ...

background: despite the enhancement in health outcomes worldwide, health inequity and inequality is one of the most relevant topics both for health policy and public health. this research was designed to decompose the health inequality of people living in shiraz, south-west iran. methods: data were obtained from a multistage-sample survey conducted in shiraz from april to may 2012, to find dete...

The incorporation of the paternal genome into the zygote during fertilization requires chromatin remodeling. The maternal haploid (mh) mutation in Drosophila affects this process and leads to the formation of haploid embryos without the paternal genome. mh encodes the Drosophila homolog of SPRTN, a conserved protease essential for resolving DNA-protein cross-linked products. Here we characteriz...

To evaluate the effect of perifoveal pseudocysts on the anatomical outcomes of the idiopathic macular hole surgery as a prognostic factor. Twenty-one eyes of 20 consecutive patients with a Gass stage 3 or 4 idiopathic macular hole were enrolled in this prospective study between March 2012 and May 2013. Demographic data, medical history, and ocular examinations were recorded preoperatively and o...

Tobacco mainstream smoke (MSS) and sidestream smoke (SSS), butts, and ashes from commercial cigarettes and maleic hydrazide (MH) spiked cigarettes were analyzed for their MH contents. The MH transfer rates obtained for MSS ranged from 1.4% to 3.7%, for SSS ranged from 0.2% to 0.9%, and for butts ranged from 1.1% to 1.9%. And as expected, MH is absent in ashes. The transfer rate of MH into mains...

PURPOSE To report the clinical results of lens capsular flap transplantation in refractory macular hole (MH). METHODS This retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series included 20 eyes with persistent MH after previous standard MH surgery. All eyes underwent vitrectomy, lens anterior or posterior capsule transplantation into the MH, gas tamponade, and a 1-week postoperative head dow...

Mental distress is an independent risk factor for illness related impairment. Awareness of mental health (MH) allows prevention, but early detection is not routinely performed in primary care. This cohort study incorporated MH assessment in a health promoting programme. We described the level of poor MH among health check participants, explored the potential for early intervention, and the pote...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a displacement of the foveal depression toward the optic disk after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. METHODS Two patients with a unilateral MH developed an MH in the fellow eyes. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling was performed on the fellow eye to close the MH. Images of spectral-domain optical c...