OBJECTIVES Cooks have increased morbidity and mortality. A high turnover has also been reported. We aimed to elucidate work environment and work sustainability in Norwegian cooks. MATERIAL AND METHODS A questionnaire inquiring about working conditions and work participation was sent to 2082 cooks who had qualified from 1988 onwards. Of these, 894 responded. Time at work was analyzed with Kapl...

During the period from 1750 to 1850, numerous changes occurred in different industrial sectors in Europe, starting from manufacturing to transportation, for the betterment of productivity and human wellbeing. This period is designated as the period of industrial revolution. In this period, the concept of interventions revolved around the ways in which only productivity can be enhanced. Therefor...

Social control refers to any reaction by which a bystander communicates to the “perpetrator” of an uncivil behavior that his or her action is not acceptable. In 3 field studies, we examined the factors that affect people’s tendency to exert social control. Passersby in the streets were asked how they would react were they to witness different uncivil behaviors. They also rated their appraisal o...

In this article, we first analyze the process of the fluidity control of short-term national debt and think that the short-term national debt market with certain scale can reduce the impact of fluidity to commercial banks, then compare three tools usually used in open market operations, i.e. middle and long term national debt, central bank bill and short-term national debt and the results show ...

Several theoretical studies suggest that only uninsured depositors have an incentive to discipline their banks, i. e. react with changes in deposit volumes or in required interest rates as a reaction to changes in banks’ risk. This paper empirically investigates whether German savings banks are disciplined by their depositors although these should be regarded as fully insured due to public guar...

E2E is an initiative to harness the power of the World Wide Web (WWW) along with intelligent sensing of environments, to provide effective bi-directional communication which is free from the limitations imposed by devices. Through a sentient information system, automatic selection of the best media streams can be done. Thus, the user need not worry about the location of sensors and presentation...