BACKGROUND What currently appears to be irreversible axonal loss in normal appearing white matter, measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy is of great interest in the study of Multiple Sclerosis. Our aim is to determine the axonal damage in normal appearing white matter measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and to correlate this with the functional disability measured by Multip...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of demographic, socioeconomic, health, and contextual factors of the Brazilian federation units on the functional disability of the elderly. METHODS Cross-sectional study based on data from the 2003 PNAD (Brazilian National Household Survey), of IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and Ipea (Institute of Applied Economic Research). The samp...

OBJECTIVES To examine whether protective parent responses mediate the relation between parent distress and child functioning. METHODS At a pain clinic evaluation, 157 families participated. Parents completed measures of global distress (BSI-18), distress in the context of their child's pain (BAP-PIQ), and protective responses to their child's pain. Children completed measures of functional di...

OBJECTIVE To assess the importance of disability severity and child functional status as predictors of maternal depressive symptoms and the moderating effects of maternal appraisal, social support, and family income on the relationship between disability factors (severity and functional status) and maternal depressive symptoms. METHOD Mothers of 270 children with cerebral palsy completed surv...

objective: the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of parenting education on improvement of reading and writing disabilities in children. methods: a randomized controlled trial was done on primary school students with reading and writing disabilities and their mothers. the subjects were divided into three groups with 26 members in each group. the first group (mothers’ education group) re...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Forecasting functional status in elderly populations is uncertain. Our aim is to provide evidence of population trends of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability, functional limitations and self-rated health. METHODS Data come from a longitudinal study of aging in Leganés (Spain), collected in 1993, 1995, 1997 and 1999, on a representative sample of 1560 community dwel...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine prevalence and odds of functional disability in individuals with diabetes and comorbid major depression compared with individuals with either diabetes or major depression alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data on 30,022 adults aged > or = 18 years from the 1999 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed. Four disease categories wer...