Three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters--(i) the peak concentration to the minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (C(max)/MIC); (ii) the area under the concentration-time curve to MIC ratio (AUC(24h)/MIC); and (iii) the time the concentration exceeds the MIC (T>MIC)--are important predictors of the clinical efficacy of antibiotics. For antibiotics with pronounced concentration-dependen...

ownload phase I trial examined the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of MLN8054, an oral, ve, small-molecule inhibitor of Aurora A kinase. Patients with advanced solid tumors received increasses of MLN8054 in 28-day cycles until dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was seen in ≥2 of 3-6 patients in a . For the 10-mg and 20-mg cohorts, treatment was administered once daily on days 1 to 5 an...

This article establishes the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters that are important when considering the intracellular activity of antibiotics. Generally speaking, the main classes of antibiotics seem to share globally the same properties against extracellular and intracellular organisms. The specific cellular pharmacokinetic properties may modulate those parameters so as to let other on...

O b je c t Iv e s 1. Understand the physiology behind the gastrointestinal tract and the route of oral drug administration and physiological influences on pharmacodynamics. 2. Understand the dynamics and functions of the major signal transduction systems and their different biomedical and biological responses in regard to receptor–ligand interactions. 3. Learn about the dynamics and mathematica...

J Clin Pharmacol xxxx;xx:x-x 1 The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivastigmine were compared in Japanese and white healthy participants who were given ascending single doses of the novel rivastigmine transdermal patch. Rivastigmine patch strengths were 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm, 9 mg rivastigmine loaded dose), 9.5 mg/24 h (10 cm, 18 mg), and 13.3 mg/24 h (15 cm, 27 mg) (per label) or 7.0 mg/2...

Fluctuating concentrations of three fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin and ofloxacin) and a beta-lactam (amoxycillin) were used in vitro to simulate antibiotic concentrations in human serum after oral doses of antibiotics. The antibiotics were tested against Staphylococcus aureus 12241 and Streptococcus pneumoniae 4241. Moxifloxacin and sparfloxacin were also tested against Escherichi...

Recently, a more complete understanding of the pharmacodynamics of aminoglycosides has been recognized, indicating that this class of antibiotics exhibits both concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and a postantibiotic effect. This pharmacodynamic information, along with better knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for aminoglycoside toxicity, established the foundation for once-daily...

The Oxford English Dictionary defines language as "the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way." This CCR Focus section describes various ways in which anticancer agent pharmacodynamics (PD) is being studied, with the goal of clinical translation. PD is the study of drug action—and all the factors that modify t...