The paper proposes a model for measuring and valuing biodiversity based on evolutionary information, called the phylogenetic tree model. While avoiding the strong restrictions of Weitzman’s [Quart. J. Econ. 107 (1992) 363] “cladistic” approach, the phylogenetic tree model retains much of the mathematical simplicity of the cladistic model. In particular, in the phylogenetic tree model the divers...

A patient's position changes in every CBCT scan despite patient alignment protocols. However, there have been studies to determine image quality differences when an object is located at the center of the field of view (FOV). To evaluate changes in the image quality of the CBCT scan according to different object positions, the image quality indexes of the Alphard 3030 (Alphard Roentgen Ind., Ltd...

We develop a technique to compute asymptotic expansions for recurrent sequences of the form an+1 = f(an), where f(x) = x − axα + bxβ + o(xβ) as x → 0, for some real numbers α, β, a, and b satisfying a > 0, 1 < α < β. We prove a result which summarizes the present stage of our investigation, generalizing the expansions in [Amer. Math Monthly, Problem E 3034[1984, 58], Solution [1986, 739]]. One ...

Crawford, T., and Levene, C. I. (1952). 7. Path. Bact., 64, 523. Duguid, J. B. (1946). Ibid., 58, 207. Gunning, A. J., Pickering, G. W., Robb-Smith, A. H. T., and Russell, R. W. R. (1964a). Quart. 7. Med., 33, 133. (1964b). Ibid., 33, 155. McLetchie, N. G. B. (1952). Amner. 7. Path., 28, 413. Ross, J. P. (1936). Proc. roy. Soc. Med., 29, 872. Russell, R. W. R. (1963). Lancet, 2, 1354. Skovborg,...

Pelton wheel is the only hydraulic turbine of the impulse type in common use, is named after an American engineer Laster A Pelton, who contributed much to its development around the year 1880. Therefore this machine is known as Pelton turbine or Pelton wheel. It is an efficient machine particularly suited to high heads, many modifications is being suggested up to now the major modification was ...

As well known, spacelike proton form factors expressed in the Breit frame may be interpreted as the Fourier transform of static space distributions of electric charge and current. In particular, the electric form factor is simply the Fourier transform of the charge distribution F (q) = ∫ e ρ(r)dr. We don’t have an intuitive interpretation of the same level of simplicity for the proton timelike ...

The main goal of the paper is to generalize the Duistermaat-Guillemin trace formula to the case of transversally elliptic operators on a compact foliated manifold. First, let us recall briefly the setting of the classical formula. Let P be a positive self-adjoint elliptic pseudodifferential operator of order one on a closed manifold M (for example, P = √ ∆, where ∆ is the Laplace-Beltrami opera...

A quantitative interrelation between the physical parameters of electromagnetic and acoustic waves perceived by the sight and hearing organs of a human has been discovered. It is shown that visible light wavelengths can be correlated with the range most used by humans for acoustic communication, including, in particular, verbal dialogue. It is shown, that maxima of spectroscopic sensitivity of ...

Removal of ethanol from the fermentor during fermentation can increase productivity and reduce the costs for dewatering the product and coproduct. One approach is to recycle the fermentor contents through a stripping column, where a non-condensable gas removes ethanol to a condenser. Previous research showed that this approach is feasible. Savings of $0.03 per gallon were predicted at 34% corn ...

I will discuss in this article some recent progress in the problem of proving existence and uniqueness of solutions to Newton's equations of motion for infinite systems of classical particles interacting by two-body forces which go to zero reasonably quickly as the particle separation goes to infinity. For technical simplicity, I will assume that the interparticle potential 0 has a Lipschitz co...