The longitudinal relaxation time T(1) of native cartilage is frequently assumed to be constant. To redress this, the spatial variation of T(1) in unenhanced healthy human knee cartilage in different compartments and cartilage layers was investigated. Knees of 25 volunteers were examined on a 1.5 T MRI system. A three-dimensional gradient-echo sequence with a variable flip angle, in combination ...

Lampreys possess unique types of cartilage in which elastin-like proteins are the dominant matrix component, whereas gnathostome cartilage is mainly composed of fibrillar collagen. Despite the differences in protein composition, the Sox-col2a1 genetic cascade was suggested to be conserved between lamprey pharyngeal cartilage and gnathostome cartilage. We examined whether the cascade is conserve...

The dielectric properties of cartilage are essential for the development reliable numerical models electrical stimulation devices intended regeneration cartilage. They are, however, not widely known. To determine cartilage, we propose a workflow that incorporates detailed tissue-specific 3D geometries based on fluorescent microscopic images and describes how different parameters can affect resu...

size because the swine rib cartilage was not wide enough. Instead, we could obtain 10 20 2-mm-sized blocks from swine scapular cartilage. The aim of this article was to report the precise technical details to obtain a desired size and thickness cartilage model from swine scapular cartilage. Swine scapular cartilage was obtained from a slaughterhouse (Fig. 1). The thickness was 3 to 6 mm, and th...

It is important to study joint contact mechanics in order to understand the human joint function and degeneration. In previous studies, the cartilage behavior was investigated using computational method assuming the cartilage to be flat and an ideal thickness. But, this assumption may not appropriate because the joint is naturally curved and the cartilage thickness varies across the articular c...

ultrastructural changes in immature articular carilage were studied after treatment of 5-weeks-old rats with ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, and in magnesium deficiency.we concluded that quinolone-induced arthropathy is probably due to chelation of functionally available magnesium in joint cartilage as magnesium deficiency in joint cartilage could impair chondrocyte-matrix- interaction which is m...

objective(s): osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged population in the world. cartilage tissue engineering (te) has been presented as an effort to introduce the best combination of cells, biomaterial scaffolds and stimulating growth factors to produce a cartilage tissue similar to the natural articular cartilage. in this study, the chondrogenic potential of adipose der...

background: previous studies have shown that some cytokines have protective effects on cartilage in joint diseases. in the current study, effects of il-4 against morphological changes and tissue degradation induced by il-1α on bovine nasal cartilage (bnc) explants were investigated. methods: fresh bnc samples were prepared from a slaughterhouse under sterile conditions. bnc explants culture was...

It is well known that mandible bone is formed by intramembranous ossification. Mandible condyle cartilage and angular cartilage are recognized as secondary cartilage, which differs from primary cartilage in morphological and biochemical organization. These are interesting research subjects from a clinical point of view as they compose the TMJ. We examined the mandible, mandible condyle cartilag...