background: endometriosis is a complex estrogen-dependent disease that is defined as the presence of endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity. although the exact mechanism for the development of endometriosis remains unclear, there is a large body of research data and circumstantial evidence that suggests a crucial role of estrogen in the establishment and maintenance of this dis...

the 1991 bethesda system for cervical/vaginal cytology reporting has defined adequacy criteria, including unsatisfactory designation. most laboratories in usa and a few laboratories in iran have implemented these criteria, but only few studies about clinical implications have been performed. all unsatisfactory papanicolaou (pap) smears taken between august 2000 and march 2002 were retrieved fro...

Background: Since cervical cancer is reportedly the seventh most frequent cancer in women in Saudi Arabia and the eighth most frequent cancer among women aged between 15 and 44 years, we wanted to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology among subfertile women attending the reproductive medicine unit of a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This was a retr...

background: despite the extensive information available in the literature, cell surface marker signature of human amniotic epithelial cells (haecs) remains controversial. the aim of the present study was to characterize immuno-phenotypic features, proliferative capacity and immunogenicity of haecs. we also tested whether expression of some cell surface markers is influenced by the type of tryps...

background and objective: basal cell carcinoma (bcc) and squamous cell carcinoma (scc) are two common tumors of the skin. in some cases, distinction between bcc and scc can be difficult. this study aimed to clarify this uncertainty through immunohistochemical analysis. in this respect, epithelial membrane antigen (ema) and ber-ep4 are the two immunohistochemical markers on which we focus in dif...

amniotic epithelial cells (aecs) possess unique characteristics, which make them a suitable source for cell-based therapeutic strategies. aecs have stem cell properties with low-immunogenicity (due to expressing hla-g molecule and absence of mhc class i and ii antigens) and no ethical problems, as well as availability in sufficient numbers, which can be obtained from a placenta. we have recentl...

High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) plays an important role in cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution HPV genotypes region and correlate it with liquid-based-cytology (LBC) colposcopic biopsy results. Furthermore, potential relationship between infections bacterial vaginosis (BV) investigated. were determined using real-time PCR. LBC, biopsies, BV examina...

The natural history of intraepithelial abnormalities of the cervix associated with human papillomavirus infection was investigated in a prospective study of 50 women with vulval warts, of whom 28 had colposcopic evidence of a cervical epithelial abnormality and 22 a normal cervix. Of the 28 with a cervical abnormality, 26 were re-examined by colposcopy after three months; the epithelial abnorma...