Background: Time management, especially at university is an important factor contributing to the academic success of students. However, majority of students relentlessly delay their academic work. Drawing upon the literature, we attempted to identify the characteristics of academic procrastination. Methods: For the review, articles, books and theses in English and Persian were identified with a...

Procrastinationhasbeenreportedasaprevalentphenomenoninthegeneralpopulation,affecting anumberofadults.Procrastinationinacademiamayhaveparticularlyseriouseffectsforstudents intertiaryeducation,whoseacademiclivesarecharacterisedbyfrequentdeadlines.Indeed,ithas beenshownthatuniversitystudentswhoratedhighonprocrastinationreceivedlowgrades(Tice &...

We examined college students' procrastination when studying for weekly in-class quizzes. Two schedules of online practice quiz delivery were compared using a multiple baseline design. When online study material was made available noncontingently, students usually procrastinated. When access to additional study material was contingent on completing previous study material, studying was more even...

Productive procrastination replaces one adaptive behavior with another adaptive-albeit less important-behavior (e.g., organizing notes instead of studying for an exam). We identified adaptive and maladaptive procrastination styles associated with academic and alcohol outcomes in 1106 college undergraduates. Cluster analysis identified five academic procrastination styles-non-procrastinators, ac...

One of the problems that often occurs when completing a thesis is academic procrastination. This can result in delayed graduation, which not desirable our education system. Loneliness affect students’ performance. Globally, loneliness has been increasing as COVID-19 pandemic. Students who are working on their vulnerable to loneliness. research aimed determine whether there correlation between a...

Procrastination is a common problem, but defining and measuring it has been subject to some debate. This paper summarizes results from students and employees (N = 2893) in Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway, Poland, and Sweden using the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS) and the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS; Steel, 2010), both assumed to measure unidimensional and closely related constructs...

Procrastination became increasingly prevalent among students in recent years. However, little research was found that directly compares academic procrastination across different academic grade levels. The present study used a self-regulated learning perspective to compare procrastination types and associated motivation between undergraduate and graduate students. Sixty-six undergraduate a...

Scales attempting to measure procrastination focus on different facets of the phenomenon, yet they share a common understanding of procrastination as an unnecessary, unwanted, and disadvantageous delay. The present paper examines in a global sample (N = 4,169) five different procrastination scales - Decisional Procrastination Scale (DPS), Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS), Pure Procrastina...

The literature on self-control problems has typically concentrated on immediate temptations. This paper studies a Gul and Pesendorfer [13, 14] style model in which decision-makers are a¤ected by temptations that lie in the future. While temptation is commonly understood to give rise to a demand for commitment, it is shown that ‘temptation by future consumption’can induce its absence. The model ...