objective: very recent studies have reported positive effects of dietary nitrate on the oxygen consumption during exercise. this research aimed to study the effect of moderate dose of high-nitrate vegetables, watercress (nasturtium officinale) and red radish (raphanus sativus) compared with a control group on the incremental treadmill exercise test following a standard bruce protocol controlled...

background: primary dysmenorrhoea without any specific pelvic disease is one of the common complaints in women`s medicine. the general purpose of this research is to define the effects of 12-week aquatic exercises on nonathletic girls’ primary dysmenorrhoea. materials and methods: this quasi-experimental was conducted on 40 nonathletic girls aged 18-25 years. data gathering tools were: evaluati...

background: appropriate endurance exercise can change bone mass density and strength of weight-bearing bones in both animals and humans, but its effects on the microstructure are not known. this study aimed to determine skeletal changes induced by the treadmill running endurance in ovariectomized adult mice. methods: twenty-seven adult female rats were divided into experimental and control grou...

conclusions regular aerobic exercise could increase plasma klotho levels, and this could be an explanation for exercise-related anti-aging effects. background klotho is an anti-aging protein that is predominantly secreted by the kidneys. objectives the aim of the study was to measure and compare the circulating klotho levels in the serum of trained athletes and in healthy, non-athlete controls....

Reelin is an extracellular matrix neuroprotein which plays important roles during development and maturation of cerebellum. In the postnatal cerebellum, Reelin is synthesized by cerebellar granule cells and secreted to extracellular matrix. This secreted protein modulates adult synaptic function, neurotransmitter release and regulates plasticity. Exercise has beneficial effects on central nervo...

Anxiety and depression are the most frequently diagnosed psychological diseases showing a high co-morbidity. They have a severe impact on the lives of the persons concerned. The physical, mental and social benefits of exercise have been well-documented. In Iran, mental disorders are one of the largest sources of disease burden. The aim of this paper is to critically review the currently availab...