Innovations in engineering applied to healthcare make a significant difference to people's lives. Market growth is guaranteed by demographics. Regulation and requirements for good manufacturing practice-extreme levels of repeatability and reliability-demand high-precision process and measurement solutions. Emerging technologies using living biological materials add complexity. This paper presen...

background: the principles of pharmaceutical care are embedded in the concept of good pharmacy practice (gpp). gpp is poorly applied in community pharmacies not only in asian countries, but even in united states and europe. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of the community pharmacists in iran, regarding gpp. methods: a total of 794 pharmacists we...

It has always been known that facilities and processes involved in pharmaceutical production impact significantly on the quality of the products. The processes include raw material and equipment inspections as well as in-process controls. Process controls are mandatory in good manufacturing practice (GMP). The purpose is to monitor the on-line and off-line performance of the manufacturing proce...

ROSS W. HOLLAND, PH.D., ED.D., M.A., FPS, FSHP, FASCP, FAIPM, MACPP, is Dean, Australian College of Pharmacy Practice, Canberra, Australia. CHRISTINE M. NIMMO, PH.D., is Director, Educational Resources, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Bethesda, MD. Abstract: A systems view of the amalgamation of existing pharmacy practice models is proposed. Pharmacy’s evolution is traceable as a...