background; musculoskeletal disorders (msds) are among the most prevalent pains which could be ignited via material handling. backpack wearers are among those who may carry heavy loads. since msds mainly originate in school-aged children, students (as the largest group of backpack wearers) are considered more important. the purpose of this study is to design a backpack based on minimization of ...

background: during the last decades, to assess the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (wmsds), enormous observational methods have been developed. rapid entire body assessment (reba) and quick exposure check (qec) are two general methods in this field. this study aimed to compare ergonomic risk assessment outputs from qec and reba in terms of agreement in distribution of pos...

background: the nature of work in the construction industry is closely associated with many human factor hazards. manual construction workers are exposed to hand-arm vibration, repetitive movements, holding of heavy loads and tools, and frequent manual materials handling hazards in their daily tasks. work related musculoskeletal disorders are major problems faced by construction workers, which ...

background: injuries or pains occurred at various body's joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendons, limbs, back and neck are classified as musculoskeletal disorders (msds). a single forceful exertion or repeated exposure to force, vibration or awkward posture can result in msds. this study was carried out by evaluating the relevant physical measurements of class b ambulance used in malaysia. ...

background: up to today, the most complete risk assessment tool for repetitive movements of upper limbs has been the occupational repetitive actions (ocra) method. the index of the analysis is relatively accurate. several risk factors such as repeated motion, force, body condition, additional effective factors and return period can be useful for future preventive measures. the present study eva...

conclusions the layout of whiteboard in classrooms can be effective in causing student’s neck pain. in this study, the suitable height of installation of whiteboard was determined and it is recommended to be used in classrooms. background the mismatch between equipments and anthropometric dimensions of users is one of the issues that can be effective on development of musculoskeletal disorders ...

introduction: today, the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (msds) is considered as a vital issue and one of the highest national priorities. this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating occupational postures and the prevalence of msds among porcelain industry workers of the city of rasht, iran. materials and methods: this cross-sectional study was done in 2015 on 66 wo...

Pain in joints (Waja ul Mafasil) is a major clinical problem that may or not be associated with inflammation. Researchers and Clinicians are rigorously working to find out the best treatment modality management of joint pain. Unani physicians claimed various disorders help several Tadabeer. The objective this critical review address claims studies conducted on efficacy Dalk Hijama Classical lit...