α-Synuclein transfer between neurons and astrocytes indicates that astrocytes play a role in degradation rather than in spreading

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α‐Synuclein transfer between neurons and astrocytes indicates that astrocytes play a role in degradation rather than in spreading Frida Loria1 · Jessica Y. Vargas1 · Luc Bousset2 · Sylvie Syan1 · Audrey Salles3 · Ronald Melki2 · Chiara Zurzolo1

The misfolding and aggregation of specific proteins are a common neuropathological hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and prion diseases [39]. Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder related to aging, is characterized by intracellular deposits of aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites [12]....

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CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein phosphorylation biases cortical precursors to generate neurons rather than astrocytes in vivo.

The intracellular mechanisms that bias mammalian neural precursors to generate neurons versus glial cells are not well understood. We demonstrated previously that the growth factor-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and its downstream target, the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors, are essential for neurogenesis in cultured cortical precu...

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Dynamic signaling between astrocytes and neurons.

Astrocytes, a sub-type of glia in the central nervous system, are dynamic signaling elements that integrate neuronal inputs, exhibit calcium excitability, and can modulate neighboring neurons. Neuronal activity can lead to neurotransmitter-evoked activation of astrocytic receptors, which mobilizes their internal calcium. Elevations in astrocytic calcium in turn trigger the release of chemical t...

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Alpha-synuclein stimulation of astrocytes

Selective loss of neurons, abnormal protein deposition and neuroinflammation are the common pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases, and these features are closely related to one another. In Parkinson's disease, abnormal aggregation and deposition of α-synuclein is known as a critical event in pathogenesis of the disease, as well as in other related neurodegenerative disorders, such...

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Human Astrocytes Transfer Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein via Tunneling Nanotubes

Many lines of evidence suggest that the Parkinson's disease (PD)-related protein α-synuclein (α-SYN) can propagate from cell to cell in a prion-like manner. However, the cellular mechanisms behind the spreading remain elusive. Here, we show that human astrocytes derived from embryonic stem cells actively transfer aggregated α-SYN to nearby astrocytes via direct contact and tunneling nanotubes (...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Acta Neuropathologica

سال: 2017

ISSN: 0001-6322,1432-0533

DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1746-2