360° IMAGE ORIENTATION AND RECONSTRUCTION WITH CAMERA POSITIONS CONSTRAINED BY GNSS MEASUREMENTS

Abstract. Photogrammetric applications using 360° images are becoming more and popular in different fields, such as cultural heritage documentation of narrow spaces; civil, architectural, environmental projects like tunnel surveying; mapping urban city centres, etc. The popularity photogrammetry relates to the high productivity acquisition phase, giving opportunity capture entire scene around user a relatively short time. On other hand, photogrammetric workflow needs ground control points (GCPs), well distributed over survey area, georeference produced 3D data. Placing, measuring on-field, identifying GCP on is time-consuming sometimes even not feasible due conditions. While effective solutions exist for UAV-based projects, direct georeferencing GNSS assisted still fully exploited ground-based acquisitions. This paper aims at presenting solution coupling high-precision systems outdoor without need manually GCPs. Three modes data presented, orientation results compared with measured Check Points.