4D Printing: Enabling Technology for Microrobotics Applications

This review demonstrates that 4D printing constitutes a key technology to enable significant advances in microrobotics. Unlike traditional microfabrication techniques, provides higher versatility, more sophisticated designs, and wide range of sensing actuation possibilities, opening new avenues for the next generation microrobots. It brings disruptive solutions terms variety stimuli, workspaces, motion complexities, response time, function execution, genuinely 3D light how soft smart materials directly printed are particularly well suited microrobotics requirements. gives an overview microrobotics, highlighting advanced requirements, fabrication methods, used materials, activation recent field, emerging opportunities.