A 3-Node Co-Rotational Triangular Finite Element for Non-Smooth, Folded and Multi-Shell Laminated Composite Structures

Based on the first-order shear deformation theory, a 3-node co-rotational triangular finite element formulation is developed for large modeling of non-smooth, folded and multi-shell laminated composite structures. The two smaller components mid-surface normal vector shell at node are defined as nodal rotational variables in local coordinate system. In global system, one vector, together with smallest or second component another an orthogonal triad non-smooth intersection plates and/or shells variables, whereas smooth part plate (away from intersections) variables. All these vectorial can be updated additive manner during incremental solution procedure, thus improve computational efficiency nonlinear Due to commutativity all calculating derivatives respect strain energy functional symmetric tangent stiffness matrices systems obtained. To overcome locking, assumed transverse strains obtained line-integration approach employed. reliability accuracy present verified through patch tests, several undergoing displacements rotations.