A Comprehensive Selection of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in a Predatory Lady Beetle, Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

A Comprehensive Selection of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in a Predatory Lady Beetle, Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a reliable, rapid, and reproducible technique for measuring and evaluating changes in gene expression. To facilitate gene expression studies and obtain more accurate RT-qPCR data, normalization relative to stable reference genes is required. In this study, expression profiles of seven candidate reference genes, including ...

Selection of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in a Predatory Biological Control Agent, <em>Coleomegilla maculata</em> (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Selection of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in a predatory biological control agent, Coleomegilla maculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a reliable technique for quantifying gene expression across various biological processes, of which requires a set of suited reference genes to normalize the expression data. Coleomegilla maculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is one of the most extensively used biological control agents in the field to manage arthropod pes...

Effects and tissue pathology of an unidentified microsporidium from the convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), on three non-target coccinellids By

A microsporidium from H. convergens was transmitted horizontally to three non-target coccinellids (Adalia bipunctata L., Coccinella septempunctata L. and Harmonia axyridis Pallas) under laboratory conditions. The effects of microsporidiosis on larval development, larval mortality, sex ratio, fecundity and adult longevity were examined. For all beetle species, larval development was prolonged as...

Ingestion of Ice-nucleating Active Bacteria Increases the Supercooling Point of the Lady Beetle Hippodamia Convergens

Regulation of the temperature at which insects freeze is a critical factor in their overwintering survival. Although the role of ice-nucleating active bacteria in promoting frost-damage in plants is well known, their interaction with other organisms has not been described. In winter. many freeze-susceptible insects avoid freezing by lowering the temperature at which their body fluids spontaneou...