A step toward lifting the fog off mist explosions: Comparative study of three fuels

Gases, vapors, and dusts are all potential explosion threats; however, mists should also be taken into account. Indeed, dozens of accidents involving hydrocarbon were identified in incident surveys. Mist explosions continue to occur, highlighting the need evaluate assess validity present approaches for assessing mist ATEX risks establish reliable standardized safety parameters fuel mists. In a modified apparatus based on 20 L sphere, three fluids industrial interest investigated. A new siphon injection system comprising Venturi junction was installed, offering wide range dispersion performances. This controlled by specifically developed program, ensuring apparatus's versatility adaptability various tested liquids. It enables precise control gas carrier flow, liquid ignition durations, allowing modification dilution rate particular droplet size distribution (DSD). The cloud dispersed sphere characterized determining its DSD using an in-situ laser diffraction sensor performing Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Mists kerosene, diesel ethanol then subjected tests their lower explosive limit (LELmist), minimum energy (MIE), maximum pressure (Pmax), rise (dP/dtmax). For instance, it found that LELmist ethanol, kerosene Jet A1, averaged at 8–10 μm reach 77, 94, 93 g/m3 respectively. shown increase with increasing case A1 sensitivity study performed emphasize impact such as type, DSD, temperature. Findings showed severity is strongly influenced chemical nature volatility fuel. Moreover, controlling temperature proven crucial step when evaluation explosibility An evaporation model d2 law visualize vapor-liquid ratio before ignition. These findings have already led development procedure standards mists, well tools risks. They possible single well-known apparatus.