A Through-Intact-Skull (TIS) chronic window technique for cortical structure and function observation in mice

Abstract Modern optical imaging techniques provide powerful tools for observing cortical structure and functions at high resolutions. Various skull windows have been established different applications of imaging, each has its advantages limitations. Most critical the limitations, none current is suitable responses to some acute craniocerebral injuries on a large scale resolution. Here, we developed “Through-Intact-Skull (TIS) window” that enables observation an immune response bilateral single-cell resolution after traumatic brain injury without affecting pathological environment brain. The TIS window also craniotomy-freeness, centimeter-field view, synaptic resolution, depth, long-term capability, suitability awake mice. Therefore, promising new approach intravital microscopy in basic research neuroscience.