An efficient method for train–track–substructure dynamic interaction analysis by implicit-explicit integration and multi-time-step solution

Abstract In this work, a method is put forward to obtain the dynamic solution efficiently and accurately for large-scale train–track–substructure (TTS) system. It called implicit-explicit integration multi-time-step (abbreviated as m I- n E-MTS method). The TTS system divided into train–track subsystem substructure subsystem. Considering that root cause of low efficiency obtaining lies in solving algebraic equation substructures, high-efficient Zhai method, an explicit scheme, can be introduced avoid matrix inversion process. solved by implicitly Park method. Moreover, it known requirement time step size differs different sub-systems, methods structural frequency response characteristics. A proposed, which arbitrarily chosen once satisfying stability precision demand, namely spent implicit integral steps equal steps, i.e., I = E mentioned above. numerical examples show accuracy, efficiency, engineering practicality proposed